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Hemidactylus achaemenidicus TORKI, 2019

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHemidactylus achaemenidicus TORKI 2019
Hemidactylus turcicus - TORKI et al. 2011
Hemidactylus persicus - CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2012
Hemidactylus persicus - Šmíd et al. 2013 
DistributionIran (Bushehr)

Type locality: the end of the southern Zagros Mountains, Kangan, Bushehr Province, Southern Iran, (27°18’N, 52°42’E, 50–221 m elevation).  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: ZFMK 98567, adult male, collected on 10 May 2008.
Paratypes: ZFMK 97750–97753; ZFMK 98568–73; and FTHM 005110, six adult male specimens (ZFMK 97750–97752; ZFMK 98569–70; FTHM 005110), and four adult female specimens (ZFMK 97753; ZFMK 98568, 71, 72), same data as for holotype. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A small sized Hemidactylus, maximum snout-vent length 39.8 mm; tubercles distributed over the entire dorsum (except for forelimbs); granules cover head and extend to neck; tubercle rugosity dimorphism occurs between males and females over dorsal body, limbs, and tail (males have more rugose tubercles than females); proximal portion of tail (ventral view) covered by small scales without femoral pores; precloacal pores present; six tubercles on most whorls of tail; two postmentals; low number of lamellae under pes; subcaudal scales started more distally (approximately after proximal one-third of tail), only a few subcaudals (plate-like) in original tail (0–22), that started so far as anal; proximal dorsal tail covered by regular whorls of tubercles (keeled in male and plate-like in female); ventral scales not imbricate; the ends of ventral scales are denticulated; enlarged scansors beneath fingers, scansors are mostly divided, terminal scansor is single; dorsal color pattern shows much variability (regular or irregular crossbars, longitudinal bands, large or small spots), and this is true for the tail (regular or irregular bars, large and small spots), venters of all specimens are without spots (uniform). 
Comment 
EtymologyThe species name “achaemenidicus” refers to “The Achaemenid Empire,” also called the First Persian Empire. It was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great, and notable for including various civilizations and becoming the largest empire at that time. 
References
  • Carranza, S., Arnold, E. Nicholas 2012. A review of the geckos of the genus Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Oman based on morphology, mitochondrial and nuclear data, with descriptions of eight new species. Zootaxa 3378: 1–95 - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Šmíd J, Moravec J, Kratochvíl L, Gvoždík V, Nasher AK, Busais SM, Wilms T, Shobrak MY, Carranza S 2013. Two newly recognized species of Hemidactylus (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from the Arabian Peninsula and Sinai, Egypt. ZooKeys 355: 79–107 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Salvador Carranza, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Václav Gvoždík, Abdul Karim Nasher, Jiří Moravec 2013. Out of Arabia: A Complex Biogeographic History of Multiple Vicariance and Dispersal Events in the Gecko Genus Hemidactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). PLoS One 8(5): e64018 - get paper here
  • Torki F. 2019. Three new species of Hemidactylus Oken, 1817 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Iran. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 239–258 - get paper here
  • TORKI, F., U, MANTHEY & M. BARTS 2011. Ein neuer Hemidactylus OKEN, 1817 aus der Provinz Lorestan, West-Iran, mit Anmerkungen zu Hemidactylus robustus HEYDEN, 1827 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae). Sauria 33 (4): 47-56 - get paper here
 
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