Leptotyphlops pembae LOVERIDGE, 1941

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Higher Taxa	Leptotyphlopidae, Leptotyphlopinae, Leptotyphlopini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Pemba worm snake
Synonym	Leptotyphlops emini pembae LOVERIDGE 1941: 177 Leptotyphlops nigricans pembae — BROADLEY & WATSON 1976: 485 Leptotyphlops nigricans pembae — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 22 Leptotyphlops pembae — SPAWLS et al. 2001: 303 Leptotyphlops pembae — BROADLEY & WALLACH 2007: 32 Leptotyphlops pembae — ADALSTEINSSON, BRANCH, TRAPE, VITT & HEDGES 2009 Leptotyphlops pembae — WALLACH et al. 2014: 369 Leptotyphlops pembae — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 371
Distribution	Tanzania (Pemba Island, Mafia Island). Type locality: Wingwi Pwana, Pemba Island, Tanzania.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: MCZ 46116.
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: A member of the Leptotyphlops nigricans species group, closest to L. macrops, with which it agrees in having a large eye beneath a bulge in the ocular shield (but less well developed) and a relatively long tail with 28–39 subcaudals. It differs from that species in having fewer total dorsals (247–269 vs 272–322) and having extensive white patches on chin and throat. (Broadley & Wallach 2007)
Comment	Habitat. Clove plantations and sandy grassland.
Etymology	named after the type locality.
References	Adalsteinsson, S.A.; Branch, W.R.; Trapé, S.; Vitt, L.J. & Hedges, S.B. 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa 2244: 1-50 - get paper here Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Boundy, J. 2014. COMMENTS ON SOME AFRICAN TAXA OF LEPTOTYPHLOPID SNAKES. Occ. Pap. Mus. Nat. Sci. Louisiana State Univ. 84: 1-8 Broadley, D. G. & HOWELL, K. M. 1991. A check list of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. Syntarsus 1: 1—70 Broadley, D.G. & WATSON,G. 1976. A revision of the Worm Snakes of South-eastern Africa (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Occ. Pap. nation. Mus. Rhodesia Bulawayo, (BS) 1976: (8): 465-510 Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, V. 2007. A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Zootaxa 1408: 1–78 - get paper here Hahn D. E. & V. WALLACH, 1998. Comments on the systematics of Old World Leptotyphlops (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae), with description of a new species. Hamadryad 23: 50-62 - get paper here Hawlitschek, O.; F. Glaw & D. Rödder 2012. Pemba – Herpetologische Fundgrube im Indischen Ozean. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (97): 97-109 - get paper here Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here Loveridge, A. 1941. New Geckos (Phelsuma and Lygodactylus), Snake (Lepotyphlops) and Frog (Phrynobarachits) from Pemba Island, East Africa. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 54 (8): 175-178 - get paper here Spawls, S.; Howell, K.; Drewes, R.C. & Ashe, J. 2002. A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press, 543 pp. [reviews in HR 34: 396 and Afr. J. Herp. 51; 147] - get paper here Spawls, Steve; Kim Howell, Harald Hinkel, Michele Menegon 2018. Field Guide to East African Reptiles. Bloomsbury, 624 pp. - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List Google images

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