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Micrurus narduccii (JAN, 1863)

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesMicrurus narduccii narduccii (JAN 1863)
Micrurus narduccii melanotus (PETERS 1881) 
Common NamesE: Andean Blackback Coral Snake
E: Bolivian black coral snake [narduccii]
E: Slender black coral snake [melanotus]
Portuguese: Cobra-Coral, Coral-Verdadeira, Cobra-Coral-de-Costas-Pretas-Andina, Cobra-Coral-Pintada 
SynonymElaps narduccii JAN 1863: 222
Elaps scutiventris COPE 1870: 156
Leptomicrurus narduccii SCHMIDT 1937: 363
Leptomicrurus narduccii — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 157
Leptomicrurus narduccii — DUELLMAN 1978: 260
Leptomicrurus narduccii narduccii — ROZE & BERNAL-CARLO 1988: 591
Leptomicrurus narduccii — WELCH 1994: 73
Micrurus narduccii — SLOWINSKI 1995
Micrurus narduccii — SLOWINSKI, BOUNDY & LAWSON 2001
Leptomicrurus narduccii — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 129
Micrurus narduccii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 450
Leptomicrurus narduccii — SILVA et al. 2016: 55
Leptomicrurus narduccii — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019

Micrurus narduccii melanotus (PETERS 1881)
Elaps melanotus PETERS 1881: 51
Leptomicrurus narduccii melanotus — ROZE & BERNAL-CARLO 1988: 592
Micrurus narduccii melanotus — SLOWINSKI et al. 2001
Leptomicrurus narduccii melanotus — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 130 
DistributionS Colombia, E Ecuador, N/E Peru, NW Brazil, NW Bolivia (Ichilo, Andrés Ibañez, Sara provinces, Santa Cruz, Villa Tunari, Chapare Province, Department of Cochabamba, Beni).

Type locality: “Bolivia”; restricted to "Buenavista, Provincia de Santa Cruz" = Buena Vista, Provincia Ichilo, by Roze and
Bernal-Carlo, 1987).

Type locality: “Sarayacu (Ecuador)” [Elaps melanotus PETERS 1881]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesNeotype: MSNM, fide Scali 2010; Holotype lost fide Harvey et al. 2003, originally from "Bolivia" (CSI, number unknown).
Syntypes: lost, ZMB 9812 (2 specimens), but lost fide Golay 1993: 149, Roze 1996: 135 [melanotus]
Syntype: ANSP 6801; EcuLador,Pebas on the Amazon [scutiventris] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: (1) Dorsum black except for orange nuchal ring and, often, an orange ring around base of tail; circular orange or yellow spots on venter; (2) hemipenis and tail relatively short; (3) two supralabials entering orbit; (4) mental broadly contacting chinshields; (5) anal scale usually divided; (6) dorsal head scales immaculate black except for orange band crossing all of frontal and anterior portions of parietals to supralabials and onto underside of head; (7) subcaudals 17-20 in females and 23—26 in males. 
CommentSynonymy partly after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970.

Venomous! 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Narducci from Milan who lived in the last century in Bolivia and sent snakes to the Milan Museum, including the type specimen of this coral snake.

M. n. melanotus has been named after the Greek melano meaning black and melanotus meaning the black-colored one, alluding to the predominantly black dorsal coloration of this coral snake. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Campbell, Jonathan A. and William W. Lamar 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere, 2 vols. Comstock (Cornell University Press), Ithaca, NY, 962 pp. [review in Science 305: 182]
  • CATENAZZI, A., LEHR, E. & VON MAY, R. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Manu National Park and its buffer zone, Amazon basin and eastern slopes of the Andes, Peru. Biota Neotropica 13 (4): 269-283
  • Cope, E.D. 1870. Seventh contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 11: 147-169 [1869] - get paper here
  • Duellman, W. E. 1978. The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 65: 1-352 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Harvey M. B., J. Aparicio E, and L. Gonzalez A. 2003. Revision of the venomous snakes of Bolivia: Part 1. The coralsnakes (Elapidae: Micrurus). Annals of the Carnegie Museum 72: 1-52 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1863. Enumerazione sistematica degli ofidi appartenenti al gruppo Coronellidae. Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisiol. 2 (2): 213-330 [1862] - get paper here
  • Metcalf, M. F., Guedouar, E., Davis, L., Rodriguez, A., Marsh, A., Pacaya, E. T., ... & Gunnels IV, C. W. 2023. Herpetofauna of Madre Selva Biological Station in Loreto, Peru. Herpetology Notes, 16, 727-740
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1881. Eine neue Gattung von Geckonen, Scalabotes thomensis, welche Hr. Professor Dr. Greeff in Marburg auf der westafrikanischen Insel St. Thomé entdeckt hat, und über die Stellung von Elaps sundevallii Smith, eine von Wahlberg im Kafferlande gefundene Art Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1880 (October): 795-798
  • Ramos, J.A. 2017. Micrurus narduccii (Leptomicrurus narduccii) (Andean Blackback Coralsnake) Diet. Herpetological Review 48 (3): 677-678. - get paper here
  • RIOS, D. H., AND B. MIRANDA 2020. Geographic Distribution: Micrurus narduccii (Andean Blackback Coral Snake). Bolivia: Beni. Herpetological Review 51: 275.
  • Roze, Janis A. & Bernal-Carlo, Amanda 1988. Las serpientes corales venenonas del género Leptomicrurus (Serpentes, Elapidae) de Suramérica con descripción de una nueva subespecie. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino 5 (2): 573-608 [1987]
  • Schmidt, Karl P. 1936. Preliminary account of coral snakes of South America. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 20 (19): 189-203 - get paper here
  • Schmidt,K.P. 1937. The history of Elaps collaris SCHLEGEL 1837-1937. Field Mus. nat. Hist (ser. zool.) 20: 361-364 - get paper here
  • Schramer, T D; Kalki, Y & Wylie, D B 2018. Micrurus narduccii melanotus (Andean Black-backed Coralsnake) Maximum length. Herpetological Review 49 (3): 551 - get paper here
  • Silva Jr, Nelson Jorge da; Marcus Augusto Buononato & Darlan Tavares Feitosa 2016. AS COBRAS-CORAIS DO NOVO MUNDO. In: Silva (ed) Cobras corais do Brasil. Goiânia, pp. 41-69
  • Slowinski J B. 1995. A phylogenetic analysis of the New World coral snakes (Elapidae: Leptomicrurus, Micruroides, and Micrurus) based on allozymic and morphological characters. Journal of Herpetology 29 (3): 325-338 - get paper here
  • Slowinski, Joseph B.; Boundy, Jeff & Lawson,R. 2001. The phylogenetic relationships of Asian coral snakes (Elapidae: Calliophis and Maticora) based on morphological and molecular characters. Herpetologica 57 (2): 233-245 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Valencia, J. H., K. Garzón-Tello & M. E. Barragán-Paladines 2016. Serpientes venenosas del Ecuador: sistemática, taxonomía, historia natural, conservación, envenenamiento y aspectos antropológicos. Quito, Ecuador, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés, Universidad de Texas, Fondo Ambiental Nacional, 652 pp. [review in HR 49 (1): 152, 2018]
  • Visinoni A. 1995. Leptomicrurus narduccii narduccii endemic to the Bolivian Orient [in Italian]. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano (1996) 136 (1): 86-93. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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