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Oligodon ancorus (GIRARD, 1858)

IUCN Red List - Oligodon ancorus - Near Threatened, NT
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Northern Short-headed Snake 
SynonymXenodon ancorus GIRARD 1858: 182
Simotes purpurascens — GÜNTHER 1858: 25 (part.)
Simotes phaenochalinus COPE 1860: 244
Simotes aphanospilus COPE 1860: 245
Simotes ancoralis — JAN 1865
Holarchus phaenochalinus GRIFFIN 1911:259
Holarchus ancorus — TAYLOR 1918
Holarchus burksi TAYLOR 1918: 365
Holarchus ancorus — TAYLOR 1922: 140
Holarchus burksi — TAYLOR 1922: 145
Oligodon rhombifer WERNER 1924: 36
Rhynchocalamus phaenochalinus
Oligodon ancorus — LEVITON 1963: 463
Oligodon rhombifer — INGER & VORIS 2001
Oligodon rhombifer — TILLACK 2008
Oligodon ancorus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 493 
DistributionPhilippines (Luzon, Mindoro); Type locality: “Manila, Luzon Island”

Type locality: not given in the original description, subsequently specified as “Manila, Luzon Island” (Girard 1858)

rhombifer: Indonesia (endemic to Sumatra); Type locality: Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 5521 (formerly USNM 20)
Holotype: NMW 23436 [rhombifer]
Holotype: ANSP 3521 [aphanospilus]
Holotype: ANSP 3523; Philippine Islands, Manila [phaenochalinus] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy partly after Leviton, Systematics and Zoogeography of Philippine Snakes, Diss. 1959, and LEVITON 1963. Oligodon rhombifer has been synonymized with O. ancorus by TILLACK 2008. However, TILLACK & GÜNTHER 2010 say that ancorus is not found on Sumatra. 
References
  • Binaday, Jake Wilson B.; Ace Kevin S. Amarga, Ernesto S. Barrameda Jr., and Bobet Jan M. Bonagua 2017. Amphibians and Reptiles in the Vicinity of Bulusan Lake, Bulusan Volcano Natural Park, Sorsogon, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science 146 (3): 339-351
  • Brown, Walter C.; Alcala, Angel C. 1970. The zoogeography of the herpetofauna of the Philippine Islands, a fringing archipelago. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 38 (6): 105-130 - get paper here
  • Brown; Rafe; Cameron Siler, Carl Oliveros, Luke Welton, Ashley Rock, John Swab, Merlijn Van Weerd, Jonah van Beijnen, Dominic Rodriguez, Edmund Jose, Arvin Diesmos 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VIII: the herpetofauna of Cagayan and Isabela Provinces, northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range. ZooKeys 266 (2013) Special Issue: 1-120<br />doi: 10.3897/zookeys.266.3982 - get paper here
  • David,P. & Vogel, G. 1996. The snakes of Sumatra. An annotated checklist and key with natural history notes. Bücher Kreth, Frankfurt/M.
  • DEVAN-SONG, Anne and Rafe M. BROWN 2012. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VI: The Herpetofauna of the Subic Bay Area. Asian Herpetological Research 3 (1): 1–20 - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Girard,C. 1858. Descriptions of some new Reptiles, collected by the US. Exploring Expedition under the command of Capt. Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Third Part. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 9: 181-182 [1857] - get paper here
  • Gojo-Cruz, Paul Henric P. and Leticia E. Afuang 2018. The Zoogeographic Significance of Caraballo Mountain Range, Luzon Island, Philippines With Focus on the Biogeography of Luzon’s Herpetofauna. Philippine Journal of Science 147 (3): 393-409 - get paper here
  • GOJO-CRUZ, Paul Henric P.; Leticia E. AFUANG, Juan Carlos T. GONZALEZ and William SM. GRUEZO 2018. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines: the Herpetofauna of Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed, Nueva Ecija Province, Caraballo Mountain Range. Asian Herpetological Research 9(4): 201–223 - get paper here
  • Inger, R.F. & Voris, H. K. 2001. The biogeographical relations of the frogs and snakes of Sundaland. Journal of Biogeography 28: 863-89 1
  • Jan, G. 1865. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 11. Livraison. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Leviton, A.E. 1963. Contributions to a review of Philippine snakes. I. The snakes of the genus Oligodon. Philippine J. Sci. 91 (4): 459-484 [1962] - get paper here
  • Leviton, Alan E.; Cameron D. Siler, Jeffrey L. Weinell, and Rafe M. Brown 2018. Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 64 (14): 399-568 - get paper here
  • MCLEOD, David S.; Cameron D. SILER, Arvin C. DIESMOS, Mae L. DIESMOS, Vhon S. GARCIA, Angela O. ARKONCEO, Kelvin L. BALAQUIT, Charlene C. UY, Mariden M. VILLASERAN, Earle C. YARRA, Rafe M. BROWN 2011. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, V: The Herpetofauna of Angat Dam Watershed, Bulacan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines. Asian Herpetological Research 2 (4): 177–198 - get paper here
  • Supsup, C. E. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Oligodon ancorus (Northern Short-headed Snake). Herpetological Review 47(3): 428. - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1922. The snakes of the Philippine Islands. Manila (Bureau of Printing or Science), Monograph 16: 312 pp. - get paper here
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1918. Two new snakes of the genus Holarchus with descriptions of other Philippine species. Philippine Journal of Science 13 (6D): 359-369, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Tillack, Frank 2008. Oligodon rhombifer WERNER, 1924, A JUNIOR SYNONYM OF Oligodon ancorus (GIRARD, 1857) (REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE). Russ. J. Herpetol. 15 (2): 122-128 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Errol Hooper, Alan E. Leviton, Rafe M. Brown 2019. Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 66 (1): 1-49 - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1924. Übersicht der Gattungen und Arten der Schlangen der Familie Colubridae. 2. Teil. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 90A (1): 108-166.
  • Werner, F. 1924. Neue oder wenig bekannte Schlangen aus dem Naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum in Wien. l. Teil. Sitzungsb. Ber. Akad. Wiss., Wien, Abt. l, 133: 29 - 56 - get paper here
 
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