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Philodryas livida (AMARAL, 1923)

IUCN Red List - Philodryas livida - Vulnerable, VU
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymPlatyinion lividum AMARAL 1923: 91
Platyinion lividum AMARAL 1926: 113
Philodryas lividum — THOMAS & FERNANDES 1996
Philodryas livida — DI BERNARDO (pers. comm.)
Philodryas livida — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Philodryas livida — WALLACH et al. 2014: 550
Philodryas livida — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Philodryas livida — MELO-SAMPAIO et al. 2020 
DistributionBrazil (Mato Grosso, Parana, Sao Paulo, Goiás [HR 30: 55]), Paraguay

Type locality: Dorizon, Paraná, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 3000, female 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: Note that Amaral described Dipsas neivai as a new species in two independent papers, published in 1923 and 1926.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Melo-Sampaio, P. R., Passos, P., Martins, A. R., Moura-leite, J. C., Morato, S. A., Venegas, P. J., Chávez G., Venâncio N.M. & De Souza, M. B. 2020. A phantom on the trees: integrative taxonomy supports a reappraisal of rear-fanged snakes classification (Dipsadidae: Philodryadini). Zoologischer Anzeiger 290: 19-39 [dated 2021 in print version, but 2020 published online] - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo,<br />Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins,<br />Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz0, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisnero 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Thomas, R. A. & R. FERNANDES 1996. The systematic status of Platyinion lividum AMARAL, 1923 (Serpentes: Colubridae: Xenodontinae). Herpetologica 52 (2): 271-275. - get paper here
  • Valdujo, Paula H.; Campos Nogueira, Cristiano 1999. Geographic distribution. Philodryas livida. Herpetological Review 30 (1): 55 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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