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Pseudoboa nigra (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Black False Boa
Portuguese: Boiru, Boiúna, Cobra-de-Leite, Cobra-Preta, Coral-Falsa, Falsa-Coral, Limpa-Mato, Limpa-Pasto, Mamadeira, Moçurana, Muçurana, Mussurana, Mussurana-Limpa-Campo 
SynonymScytale neuwiedii var. nigrum DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 1002
Pseudoboa albomaculata MELLO 1926: 129
Pseudoboa albimaculata MELLO 1926 (fide PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA)
Pseudoboa nigra — BAILEY 1962
Pseudoboa nigra — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 254
Scytale neuwiedii var. nigrum STIMPSON 1974
Pseudoboa nigra — CEI 1993
Pseudoboa nigra — ZAHER et al. 2008
Pseudoboa nigra — WALLACH et al. 2014: 599
Pseudoboa nigra — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBolivia, Argentina ? (Misiones, Corrientes), Brazil (Paraná [HR 27: 216], Rondonia, Rio de Janeiro, Pará, Goias, Alagoas, Bahia, Céara, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Piaui, Rio Grande do Norte, São Paulo, Tocantins, Espírito Santo, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Sergipe), Paraguay

Type locality: "Bahia," [Brazil].  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 3781 (Lemelle-Deville but catalogue of MNHN indicated Castelnau as collector) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Cunha & Nascimenta 1983: 25 (in Portuguese)  
CommentSynonymy after CEI 1993. Not in Argentina according to  GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002.

Description: there are completely black and black and white color morphs (see Paula Orofino et al. 2010 for photos).

ZAHER et al. (2008) nicely illustrate the ontogenetic shift of color patterns in this species. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin niger, nigra, nigrum = black or dark, referring to the color of the species. 
References
  • Alcantara, Edna P., Cristiana F. Silva, Robson W. Ávila and Waltécio O. Almeida. 2014. Pseudoboa nigra (black false boa) endoparasites. Herpetological Review 45 (2): 343 - get paper here
  • Alexia, Eisfeld, Davor Vrcibradic and Carlos Frederico D. Rocha. 2014. Pseudoboa nigra diet. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 712 - get paper here
  • ANDRADE LIMA, J.H., DIAS, E.G., COSTA, R.D.L., SILVA, F.J., LIMA, E.S.M., SANTOS, E.M., KOKUBUM, M.N.C. 2021. Lizards and snakes of Refúgio de Vida Silvestre Matas do Siriji, an Atlantic Forest hotspot of the Pernambuco Endemism Center, Northeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica 21 (2): e20201106 - get paper here
  • Bailey, Joseph R. 1962. Lystrophis Cope, 1885 (Reptilia): Proposed validation under the plenary powers. z.n.(s.) 1484. Bull. zool. Nomenclature 19 (3): 164-169 - get paper here
  • BERNARDE, P.S., ALBUQUERQUE, S., BARROS, T.O. & TURCI, L.C.B. 2012. Serpentes do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 12 (3): 1-29 - get paper here
  • BERNARDE, P.S., ALBUQUERQUE, S., BARROS, T.O. & TURCI, L.C.B. 2012. Snakes of Rondônia State, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 12 (3): - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Castro, Deborah Praciano de; Sarah Mângia, Felipe de Medeiros Magalhães, David Lucas Röhr, Felipe Camurugi, Ricardo Rodrigues da Silveira Filho, Margarida Maria Xavier da Silva, John Allyson Andrade-Oliveira, Tiago Agostinho de Sousa, Frederico Gusta 2019. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VI: The Ubajara National Park, Ceará, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 727-742 - get paper here
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