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Python breitensteini STEINDACHNER, 1881

IUCN Red List - Python breitensteini - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPythonidae, Henophidia, Pythonoidea, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Borneo Python
G: Borneo-Blutpython, Borneo-Kurzschwanzpython 
SynonymPython breitensteini STEINDACHNER 1881
Python curtus breitensteini — KIRSCHNER 1997
Python breitensteini — KEOGH, BARKER & SHINE 2001
Python breitensteini — MALKMUS et al. 2002
Aspidoboa breitensteini — HOSER 2004
Python breitensteini — SCHLEIP & O’SHEA 2010
Python breitensteini — WALLACH et al. 2014: 619 
DistributionIndonesia (Borneo: Kalimantan), Malaysia (East Malaysia: Sabah, Sarawak)

Type locality: Teweh, Borneo.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: NMW 13287. 
DiagnosisDescription: Top of body is pale yellow or tan, with dark sub-rectangular blotches about as wide as body, becoming darker towards tail, or with a fully dark top that turns black posteriorly; scattered pale spots are present on vertebral region, and are more numerous at back of body, where they are elongate and form a vertebral stripe; has a black stripe evident between internasals and occipital, fusing with dark pattern on neck; sides of head are darker than forehead, with dark flecks and a broad dark post-ocular stripe; a pale post-ocular stripe runs to angle of jaws; chin and belly are plain cream, sometimes with brown spots. Body is short and robust; head is elongate, flattened and distinct from neck; eyes are small with a vertical pupil; vertebral region is ridged; some infralabials have weak pits; tail is short; cloacal spurs are present (Das 2012: 15)

Anterior parietals are broadly in contact in P. breitensteini but not or only barely in P. curtus (G.H. Rodda, pers. comm.). 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Heinrich Breitenstein (1848-1930), a German physician who served with the Dutch East Indies army for 21 years. While in Borneo he collected herpetofauna that Steindachner purchased for Naturhistorisches Museum Wien.  
References
  • Ahmad, Norhayati; Eddie Ahmad, Mahathir Ratag, Edward Asrul Alimin Sinon, Brandon Don, Francer Francis, Muhammad Ridzuan Mahmod, Amshari Agimin, Daicus Belabut 2019. Amphibians and Reptiles of Imbak Canyon Study Centre and Batu Timbang Camp. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation 16: 25–33
  • Akeret, B. 2008. Gefahrenpotenzial Riesenschlangen. Reptilia (Münster) 13 (72): 4-12 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248
  • Iskandar, Djoko T. and Walter R. Erdelen 2006. Conservation of amphibians and reptiles in Indonesia: issues and problems. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 4 (1): 60-87 - get paper here
  • Keogh, J. Scott; Barker, David G.; Shine, Richard 2001. Heavily Exploited but Poorly Known: Systematics and Biogeography of Commercially Harvested Pythons (Python curtus group) in Southeast Asian. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 73:113-129 - get paper here
  • Kirschner, A. 1997. Anmerkungen zu Python curtus curtus. Elaphe 5 (2): 11-12
  • Malkmus, R.; Manthey, U.; Vogel, G. Hoffmann, P. & Kosuch, J. 2002. Amphibians and reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo). A.R.G. Ganther Verlag, Rugell, 404 pp.
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • Natusch Daniel J. D., Lyons Jessica A., Riyanto Awal, Mumpuni, Shine Richard 2019. Interspecific divergence in biological attributes of short-tailed pythons (Python breitensteini and P. brongersmai) from Kalimantan and Sumatra. Australian Journal of Zoology 66 (4): 272-278 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Schleip, Wulf D & O’Shea, M. 2010. Annotated checklist of the recent and extinct pythons (Serpentes, Pythonidae), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution. ZooKeys 66 (2010) : 29-79 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Dieter 2010. Vermehrung und Zucht von Riesenschlangen. Draco 11 (44): 4-17 - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1881. Über eine neue Pythonart (Python Breitensteini) aus Borneo. Sitzungsb. Ber. Kais. Akad. Wiss.,Wien, Abt.1, 82: 267-268 [1880] - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B., Inger, R.F. & Lardner, B. 2014. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo, second edition. Natural history Publications (Borneo)
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wirth, Michael & Jochen Geiger 2012. Eine Terrarienanlage zur Haltung und Aufzucht von Riesenschlangen. Draco 12 (48): 52-60
  • Zug, George R.; Steve W. Gotte, and Jeremy F. Jacobs 2011. Pythons in Burma: Short-tailed python (Reptilia: Squamata). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124 (2): 112-136 - get paper here
 
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