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Thamnophis eques (REUSS, 1834)

IUCN Red List - Thamnophis eques - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesThamnophis eques eques (REUSS 1834)
Thamnophis eques carmenensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques cuitzeoensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques diluvialis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques insperatus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques megalops (KENNICOTT 1860)
Thamnophis eques obscurus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques patzcuaroensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques scotti CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques virgatenuis CONANT 1963 
Common NamesE: Mexican Garter Snake
megalops: Northern Mexican Garter Snake
G: Mexikanische Strumpfbandnatter
S: Jarretera Mexicana 
SynonymColuber eques REUSS 1834: 152
Coluber (Natrix) subcarinata GRAY in RICHARDSON 1839
Eutaenia macrostemma KENNICOTT 1860 (fide CONANT 2003)
Eutaenia insigniarum COPE 1885: 172
Thamnophis stejnegeri MCLAIN 1899
Thamnophis eques — SMITH 1942: 106
Thamnophis macrostemma macrostemma — SMITH 1942: 115
Thamnophis macrostemmus macrostemmus — SMITH et al. 1950: 574
Thamnophis subcarinatus subcarinatus — TAYLOR 1950
Thamnophis eques — STEBBINS 1985: 09
Thamnophis eques — LINER 1994
Thamnophis eques — ROSSMAN 1996: 171
Thamnophis eques — CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques — WALLACH et al. 2014: 721
Thamnophis eques — MATA-SILVA et al. 2015

Thamnophis eques eques (REUSS 1834)
Coluber eques REUSS 1834
Eutaenia flavilabris COPE 1867
Thamnophis eques eques — SMITH 1942: 106
Thamnophis eques eques — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques carmenensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques carmenensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques carmenensis — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques cuitzeoensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques cuitzeoensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques cuitzeoensis — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques diluvialis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques diluvialis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques diluvialis — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques insperatus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques insperatus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques insperatus — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques megalops (KENNICOTT 1860: 330)
Eutaenia megalops KENNICOTT 1860
Eutaenia megalops megalops — COPE 1886: 285
Thamnophis macrostemma megalops — SMITH 1939
Thamnophis macrostemma megalops — SMITH 1942: 115
Thamnophis macrostemmus megalops — SMITH et al. 1950: 574
Thamnophis eques megalops — TANNER 1959
Thamnophis eques megalops — CONANT 1963: 487
Thamnophis eques megalops — VAN DEVENDER & LOWE 1977
Thamnophis eques megalops — WEBB 1984
Thamnophis eques megalops — TANNER 1985: 657
Thamnophis eques megalops — LARA-GONGORA 1986
Thamnophis eques megalops — TANNER 1985: 657
Thamnophis eques megalops — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques obscurus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques obscurus CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques obscurus — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques patzcuaroensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques patzcuaroensis CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques patzcuaroensis — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques scotti CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques scotti CONANT 2003
Thamnophis eques scotti — LINER 2007

Thamnophis eques virgatenuis CONANT 1963
Thamnophis eques virgatenuis CONANT 1963
Thamnophis eques virgatenuis — WEBB 1984
Thamnophis eques virgatenuis — TANNER 1985: 658
Thamnophis eques virgatenuis — LINER 2007 
DistributionUSA (S Arizona, New Mexico), Mexico (from the vicinity of the Pico de Orizaba northwestward to and south to Aguascalientes, Sonora and Chihuahua, Quéretaro, disjunct colonies in Oaxaca, Nuevo León, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato, Puebla, Guerrero, Nayarit, Morelos fide Rossman et al. 1996: 173, Veracruz).

carmenensis: Mexico (Tlaxcala, La Lagunilla del Carmen); Type locality: near El Carmen, Tlaxcala, Mexico.

cuitzeoensis: Mexico (Michoacán); Type locality: 100 m east of the southern end of the south–north causeway across the Lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, Mexico.

diluvialis: Mexico (Jalisco, Cajititlán and several isolated localities); Type locality: near Villa Corona at the north end of the Laguna de Atotonilco, Jalisco, Mexico.

insperatus: Mexico (Michoacán); Type locality: on the highway 6 km southeast of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico.

megalops: USA (C Arizona), Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua)

obscurus: Mexicon (Jalisco); Type locality: town of Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico.

patzcuaroensis: Mexico (Michoacán); Type locality: lakeshore north of the town of Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.

scotti: Mexico (Jalisco); Type locality: near Magdalena, Lago de Magdalena, Jalisco, Mexico.

virgatenuis: Mexico (highlands of Durango and Chihuahua)  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: SMF 17179
Holotype: AMNH 93915 [cuitzeoensis]
Holotype: AMNH 93937 [patzcuaroensis]
Holotype: AMNH 87550 [insperatus]
Holotype: AMNH 87543 [obscurus]
Holotype: AMNH 93966 [diluvialis]
Holotype: AMNH 96691 [scotti]
Holotype: AMNH 93842 [carmenensis]
Holotype: CAS-SUR 4032, USNM 965 [megalops]
Holotype: AMNH 89792, a young adult male, collected by Walter Auffenberg, William W. Milstead, Donald W. Tinkle, and Robert G. Webb, 21 August 1962; paratypes: BYU [virgatenuis]
Syntype: USNM 7247, 131775 [Eutaenia macrostemma]
Syntypes: USNM 24991, 24992 [Eutaenia flavilabris]
Holotype: USNM 32163 [Eutaenia insigniarum] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: “Dorsal scales in a maximum of 21 rows; supralabials 8; preoculars 1; maxillary teeth 23 to 28; the dorsum between the light stripes either brown with 2 alternating rows of large dark spots (those in the upper row longitudinally fused in some populations) or almost uniformly black; the vertebral stripe from 1 to 9 scales wide; the lateral stripe confined to rows 3 and 4 anteriorly.” (Rossman 1996: 171) 
CommentSubspecies: Thamnophis eques cyrtopsis has been elevated to full species status.

Diet: mostly fish, followed in lesser amounts, respectively, by leeches, earthworms, frogs, and tadpoles (Manjarrez et al. 2016) 
EtymologyThe specific name eques is derived from the Latin word aequalis, meaning "equal," perhaps in reference to the equally bright colors of the dorsal ground color and the stripes. The subspecific name, megalops, is derived from the Greek words megas, meaning "large or great" and ops, in reference to the eye, thus meaning "large eye." (LEMOS-ESPINAL & DIXON 2013).
Most subspecies described by CONANT have been named after their type localities (such as Cuitzeo) + the adjectival-forming suffix –ensis (belonging to a place). T. e. insperatus was named from the Latin insperatus, meaning ‘‘unhoped for; unexpected’’. T. e. diluvialis from the Latin diluvialis, in reference to the overflowing of the land by water when the habitat was created by the huge rises in level of the Lago de Chapala. T. e. scotti was named after Norman J. Scott. 
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