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Trimorphodon quadruplex SMITH, 1941

IUCN Red List - Trimorphodon quadruplex - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymTrimorphodon biscutatus quadruplex SMITH 1941: 157
Trimorphodon quadruplex — SMITH 1942: 206
Trimorphodon biscutatus quadruplex — MERTENS 1952: 76
Trimorphodon biscutatus quadruplex — SCOTT & MCDIARMID 1984
Trimorphodon quadruplex — DEVITT et al. 2008
Trimorphodon quadruplex — WALLACH et al. 2014: 745
Trimorphodon quadruplex — MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024 
DistributionNicaragua, Honduras, SE Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica

Type locality: “Esteli, Nicaragua”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 89476, female 
Diagnosis 
CommentHabitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyPresumably named after the color pattern wherein each primary blotch is completely divided into four secondary blotches by the presence of pale centers, hence “quadruplex” (four-fold weave)  
References
  • Devitt, Thomas J.; Travis J. LaDuc, and Jimmy A. McGuire 2008. The Trimorphodon biscutatus (Squamata: Colubridae) Species Complex Revisited: A Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Geographic Variation. Copeia 2008 (2): 370–387 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Jadin, Robert C., and Eric N. Smith. 2010. The hemipenis of Trimorphodon quadruplex. Herpetological Review 41(2): 157-159 - get paper here
  • Lillywhite, H.B. 2022. Discovering snakes in wild places. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, NM, 164 pp. - get paper here
  • Martínez-Fonseca JG, Holmes IA, Sunyer J, Westeen EP, Grundler MR, Cerda PA, Fernández-Mena MA, Loza-Molina JC, Monagan IV Jr., Nondorf D, Pandelis GG, Rabosky ARD 2023. A collection and analysis of amphibians and reptiles from Nicaragua with new country and departmental records. Check List 20(1): 58-125 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Trimorphodon quadruplex (Central American lyresnake; colcuate). Herpetological Review 45 (2): 286 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., and Alexander Gutsche 2016. The herpetofauna of islands in the Golfo de Fonseca and adjacent waters, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (4): 842–899 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1952. Die Amphibien und Reptilien von El Salvador. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) (No. 487): 120 pp.
  • Scott, N. J., & MCDIARMID, R. W. 1984. Trimorphodon biscutatus. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (353): 1-4. - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1941. Notes on the snake genus Trimorphodon. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 91 (3130): 149-168 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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