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Tropidurus jaguaribanus PASSOS, LIMA & BORGES-NOJOSA, 2011

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Higher TaxaTropiduridae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Calango-de-Lajeiro 
SynonymTropidurus jaguaribanus PASSOS, LIMA & BORGES-NOJOSA 2011
Tropidurus jaguaribanus — SANTOS et al. 2023 
DistributionBrazil (Ceará, Piaui)

Type locality: São João do Jaguaribe Municipality (5°19’21’’ S and 38°11 ́58’’ W), Ceará State, northeastern Brazil  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: UFC (also as CHUFC) L 3860, adult male, collected 21 February 2009, by D. C. Lima and D. M. Borges-Nojosa. Paratypes. All from the type-locality, collected from March 2008 through February 2009 by the same collec- tors. Adult males (CHUFC L 3650, CHUFC L 3858), adult females (CHUFC L 3857, CHUFC L 3859, CHUFC L 3918), and unsexed juveniles (CHUFC L 3658, MPEG 28900, MZUSP 100739, ZUFSM L 0728). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The color pattern of T. jaguaribanus sp. nov. allows it to be easily distinguished from the other spe- cies of the semitaeniatus group (Figures 3 e 4). Tropidurus jaguaribanus sp. nov. differs from T. helenae and T. pinima in having only one middorsal, longitudinal light stripe rather than three. This single stripe, which extends dorsally from the snout to the scapular region, also allows it to be distinguished from T. semitaeniatus, because in this latter, the single stripe always extends from the snout to the base of the tail. The stripe of T. jaguaribanus sp. nov. may sometimes be absent or not evident in adult individuals, which also distinguishes it from the other species of the group. Tropidurus jaguaribanus sp. nov. also has 5–6 supralabials, rather than 7–8 as in T. pinima and T. semitaeniatus. Tropidurus jaguaribanus sp. nov. has a single subocular, in contact with the first canthal, distin- guishing it from T. pinima, which has one scale between the subocular and the first canthal. Finally, the new species differs from all the others by the prominently spined and keeled lateral scales on the trunk (Figure 5), which are vis- ible to the naked eye in adult individuals and are inconspicuous in the other species and by the tarsal scales with higher keels than in the other species of the group. 
CommentThis species is similar to T. semitaeniatus.

Behavior: diurnal

Habitat: rocky outcrops

Sympatry: T. hispidus, Phyllopezus periosus, P. pollicaris, and Gymnodactylus geckoides.

Diet: a large percentage of the diet of this species (10-30%) consists of ants (Lucas et al. 2023). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet derives from the region of the state of Ceará where the species occurs, the Jaguaribe Valley. 
References
  • Alcantara, Edna P.; Cristiana Ferreira-Silva, José Guilherme G. Sousa, Robson W. Ávila, Drausio H. Morais 2018. Ecology and parasitism of the lizard Tropidurus jaguaribanus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from northeastern Brazil. Phyllomedusa 17 (2): 195-210 - get paper here
  • CARVALHO, ANDRÉ LUIZ GOMES DE 2013. On the distribution and conservation of the South American lizard genus Tropidurus Wied-Neuwied, 1825 (Squamata: Tropiduridae). Zootaxa 3640 (1): 042–056 - get paper here
  • Costa, Taís Borges; Daniel Orsi Laranjeiras, Francis Luiz Santos Caldas, Daniel Oliveira Santana, Cristiana Ferreira da Silva, Edna Paulino de Alcântara, Samuel Vieira Brito, Jéssica Yara Galdino, Daniel Oliveira Mesquita, Renato Gomes Faria, Frederi 2018. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VII: Aiuaba Ecological Station (Ceará, Brazil). Herpetology Notes 11: 929-941 - get paper here
  • DE OLIVEIRA, M. C. Goncalves Duarte, Rivanilda, De Araujo Filho, Joao Antonio; De Oliveira Almeida, Waltecio 2020. Tropidurus jaguaribanus (Neotropical Lava Lizard). Endoparasites. Herpetological Review 51: 607.
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Lucas B Q Cavalcanti, Gabriel C Costa, Guarino R Colli, Eric R Pianka, Laurie J Vitt, Daniel O Mesquita, 2023. Myrmecophagy in lizards: evolutionary and ecological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2023;, zlad175, - get paper here
  • PASSOS, DANIEL CUNHA; DANIEL CASSIANO LIMA, & DIVA MARIA BORGES-NOJOSA 2011. A new species of Tropidurus (Squamata, Tropiduridae) of the semitaeniatus group from a semiarid area in Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 2930: 60–68 - get paper here
  • Roberto, Igor Joventino, João Antõnio Araujo Filho and Samuel Cardozo Ribeiro. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Tropidurus jaguaribanus. Herpetological Review 44 (4): 627 - get paper here
  • Santos, S. S., dos Santos, T. F., de Araújo Gomes, I. S., Pereira, O. A., dos Santos, I. M. E. L., & Guzzi, A. 2023. Herpetofauna of Piuaí [sic] state, northeastern Brazil. CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES, 16(7), 6645-6669 - get paper here
  • Uchôa LR, Delfim FR, Mesquita DO, Colli GR, Garda AA, Guedes TB 2022. Lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: Detailed and updated overview. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 599-659 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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