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Xenodon dorbignyi (BIBRON, 1854)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesXenodon dorbignyi chacoensis (LEMA 1994)
Xenodon dorbignyi orientalis (LEMA 1994)
Xenodon dorbignyi uruguayensis (LEMA 1994)
Xenodon dorbignyi dorbignyi (BIBRON in DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854) 
Common NamesE: South American Hognose Snake
Portuguese: Cobra-Nariguda, Jararaca-das-Dunas, Jararaca-da-Praia, Jararaca-de-Barriga-Vermelha, Jararaquinha-da-Praia, Nariguda-Comum, Nariguda-Grande, Nariguda-Preta 
SynonymHeterodon Dorbignyi BIBRON in DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 772
Lystrophis dorbignyi — COPE 1885: 193
Heterodon d’Orbignyi — MÜLLER 1881
Heterodon D’Orbignyi — BOETTGER 1885
Heterodon Dorbignyi — BOULENGER 1886: 434
Lystrophis D’Orbignyi — KOSLOWSKY 1895: 368
Lystrophis dorbignyi — FREIBERG 1982
Lystrophis dorbigni — CEI 1993
Lystrophis dorbignyi — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 25
Lystrophis dorbignyi — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 105
Xenodon dorbignyi — ZAHER et al. 2009
Xenodon dorbignyi — SCROCCHI et al. 2010: 228
Lystrophis dorbignyi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 406/414
Xenodon dorbingyi — BELLINI et al. 2019 (in error)

Xenodon dorbignyi chacoensis (LEMA 1994)
Lystrophis dorbignyi chacoensis LEMA 1994: 118
Lystrophis dorbignyi chacoensis — VARELA 1999

Xenodon dorbignyi orientalis (LEMA 1994)
Lystrophis dorbignyi orientalis LEMA 1994: 119

Xenodon dorbignyi uruguayensis (LEMA 1994)
Lystrophis dorbignyi uruguayensis LEMA 1994: 120 
DistributionS Paraguay, S Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul),
C Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones, Entre Rios, Buenos Aires, Rio Negro, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero), Uruguay

Type locality: South America.

uruguayensis: Uruguay; Type locality: El Pinar, Carretera Intervalnearia, Canelones, Uruguay.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 3633, MNHN-RA 7554-7555, and MNHN-RA 7556 from Montevideo collected by d'Orbigny (the later indicated as given to Hoge in 1956 according to MNHN catalogue), USNM 420, a 388 mm (SVL) stuffed skin, and IBSP (formerly MNHN-RA 7556).
Holotype: MHNM (acronym not given but apparently MNHM = Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, no 557), female [uruguayensis]
Holotype: IBSP (= IB) 17873, adult male [orientalis]
Holotype: MACN 941 (given as CHINM ), adult female [chacoensis] 
Diagnosis 
CommentAppears to mimic Bothrops alternatus (Yanosky & Chani 1988).

Type species: Heterodon Dorbignyi DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854 is the type species of the genus Lystrophis COPE 1885. ZAHER et al. 2009 synonymized Lystrophis with Xenodon (type species: Coluber severus LINNAEUS 1758 = Xenodon severus).

Authorship: Official Specific Name (#1966) fide Opinion 698 (ICZN, 1964). Contrary to Opinion 698, Bibron must be the author according to Art. 50a because Bibron proposed the name. Varela 1999 erroneously gave the holotype of dorbignyi as MACN. 
EtymologyNamed after Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny (1802-1857), French traveler and naturalist who lived in South America for 8 years (1826-1834). 
References
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