Pelodiscus maackii (BRANDT, 1858)

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Higher Taxa	Trionychidae (Trionychinae), Trionychoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies
Common Names	Russian: дальневосточная черепаха, или черепаха Маака Chinese: 东北鳖
Synonym	Trionyx maackii BRANDT 1858: 609 Amyda maacki — STEJNEGER 1907: 529 Pelodiscus maackii — DAVID 1994: 35 Pelodiscus maackii — FRITZ & HAVAS 2007: 318 Pelodiscus maackii — DAVLETBAKOV et al. 2016 Pelodiscus maackii — TTWG 2021 Pelodiscus maackii — TTWG 2025
Distribution	Russia (Amur, Ussuri, Sungari and Liao-che River systems in the Far East) NE China, Democratic Republic of Korea, South Korea (Chkhikvadze 1987), Kyrgyzstan Type locality: rivers south of the Amur River, namely Sungari and Ussuri Rivers and course of the Amur River between the Sungari and Ussuri Rivers.
Reproduction	oviparous.
Types	Holotype: unlocated (PP van Dijk, pers. comm. 9 June 2014).
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: The diagnostic morphological features of adults of all five Pelodiscus species are summarized in Table 4 in FARKAS et al. 2019: 78. Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 758 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Synonymy mainly after FRITZ & HAVAS 2007. Trionyx maackii BRANDT 1858 was previously considered as a synonym of P. sinensis but resurrected by Chkhikvadze (1987). Pelodiscus maackii and P. parviformis, both harboring distinct mitochondrial lineages, were not differentiated from P. sinensis in the nuclear markers studied by Gong et al. 2018 though. Habitat: freshwater (rivers and tributaries, swamps) Distribution: see map in Farkas et al. 2019: 82 (Fig. 6).
References	Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here Brandt, Johann F. 1858. Observationes quaedam ad generis trionychum species duas novas spectantes. Bull. Acad. Imper. Sci. St. Petersbourg, classe Phys.-Mathemat., 16(9): cols. 110-111 (reprinted in Mél. Biol. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersbourg 2: 609-610, 1857) - get paper here Chang, Min-Ho; Jae-Young Song and Kyo-Soung Koo 2012. The Status of Distribution for Native Freshwater Turtles in Korea, with Remarks on Taxonomic Position. Korean J. Environ. Biol. 30 (2): 151-155 David, Patrick 1994. Liste des reptiles actuels du monde. I. Chelonii. Dumerilia 1: 7-127 Davletbakov, A. T.; L. A. Kustareva, D. A. Milko, A. N. Ostastshenko, S. S. Sagymbaev, S. A. Toropov, N. V. Trotchenko 2015. Genetical Fund Cadastre of Kyrgyz Republic. Vol. IV. Phylum Chordata (chordates). Bishkek, 128 p. + XXXVI color tables - get paper here Farkas B, Ziegler T, Pham CT, Ong AV, Fritz U 2019. A new species of Pelodiscus from northeastern Indochina (Testudines, Trionychidae). ZooKeys 824: 71–86 - get paper here Fritz, U. & Havas, P. 2007. CHECKLIST OF CHELONIANS OF THE WORLD. Vertebrate Zoology 57(2): 149-368 - get paper here Gong, Shiping; Melita Vamberger, Markus Auer, Peter Praschag, Uwe Fritz 2018. Millennium-old farm breeding of Chinese softshell turtles (Pelodiscus spp.) results in massive erosion of biodiversity. The Science of Nature 105: 34 - get paper here Maslova I.V., Portnyagina E.Yu., Sokolova D.A., Vorobieva P.A., Akulenko M.V., Portnyagin A.S., Somov A.A. 2018. Distribution of rare and endangered amphibians and reptiles in Primorsky Krai (Far East, Russia). Nature Conservation Research 3 (Suppl.1): 61–72. DOI: 10.24189/ncr.2018.052 - get paper here Schneeweiß, N. & Mix, H. 2011. Pelodiscus maackii - die “See-” Schildkröten am Chanka. Elaphe 19 (2): 30-38 Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here Tagirova V. T., Kriskevich D. D., Kuranova V. N., Andronova R. S. 2025. Method of creating artificial nestings sites for the Far Eastern turtle Pelodiscus maackii (Brandt, 1857) (Reptilia, Testudines, Trionychidae) at high water levels of the Amur River. Current Studies in Herpetology 25 (3-4): 215 - get paper here TTWG [TURTLE TAXONOMY WORKING GROUP: RHODIN, A.G.J., IVERSON, J.B., FRITZ, U., GALLEGO-GARCÍA, N., GEORGES, A., SHAFFER, H.B., AND VAN DuK, P.P.]. 2025. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (10th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 10:1-575 - get paper here TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
External links	National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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