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Teius teyou (DAUDIN, 1802)

IUCN Red List - Teius teyou - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Four-toed Tegu
Portuguese: Calango, Calanguinho, Lagartinho-Verde 
SynonymLacerta Teyou DAUDIN 1802: 195
Teius viridis MERREM 1820: 60
Ameiva teju — LICHTENSTEIN 1823: 91 (emendat. for teyou)
Tejus teyou — FITZINGER 1826
Acrantus viridis — WAGLER 1830
Dicrodon (Acrantus) teyou — FITZINGER 1843
Acrantus teyou — GRAY 1845 (part.)
Ameiva caelestis BIBRON in D’ORBIGNY 1847
Teius teyou — BOETTGER 1885
Teius teyou — BOULENGER 1885: 379
Teius teyou teyou — MÜLLER 1928
Teius teyou cyanogaster MÜLLER 1928
Tejus tejou cyanogaster MÜLLER 1928 (spelling in FRANZEN & GLAW 2007)
Teius teyou cyanogaster — HELLMICH 1960: 75
Teius teyou cyanogaster — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 260
Teius cyanogaster — BLAIR, HULSE & MARES 1976
Teius cyanogaster — CEI 1980
Teius cyanogaster — MEIER 1983
Teius teyou — CEI & LESCURE 1985
Teius teyou — CEI 1993
Teius teyou — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Teius teyou — HARVEY et al. 2012
Teius teyou — AVILA et al. 2021 
DistributionBrazil, Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija), Argentina (Rio Negro, Mendoza, La Pampa, Córdoba, San Luis, Formosa, La Rioja), N Paraguay

cyanogaster: SE Bolivia and adjacent Brazil, NW Argentina, N Paraguay; Type locality: San José de Chiquitos, Bolivia.

Type locality: Paraguay. Neotype locality: Santa Cruz de la Sierra (Bolivia).  
Reproductionoviparous; bisexual 
TypesNeotype: MNHN-RA 4188, designated by CEI & LESCURE 1985
Lectotype: ZSM 194/1926/1, male [cyanogaster] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Teius is the only genus of Teiidae with a vestigial fifth toe and a high-walled, circular basin positioned between the hemipenial awns. Dicrodon and Teius are the only other extant Teiidae with bicuspid, transversely oriented teeth on the posterior maxilla and mandible [HARVEY et al. 2012].


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CommentSynonymy partly after CEI & LESCURE 1985 and CEI 1993.

Subspecies: Teius teyou cyanogaster MÜLLER 1928 has been synonymized with T. teyou by CEI & LESCURE 1985.

Type species: Teius viridis Merrem (= Teius teyou) is the type species of the genus Teius MERREM 1820, subsequently designated by Burt and Burt (1933). The genus was spelled “Tejus” in the German text and “Teius” in the parallel Latin text of the same publication. Teius is also the type species of the subfamily Teiinae GRAY 1827. Note that the subfamily was not established by ESTES et al. 1988: 215 as is often cited. See Costa et al. 2016 for historical details.

Distribution: see map in Cacciali et al. 2016: Fig. 1.

Comparisons: Presch 1974: 24 compares character states across the genera Ameiva, Cnemidophorus, Kentropyx, Dicrodon, Teius, Callopistes, Tupinambis, Crocodilurus, and Dracaena.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyNamed after teyou, derived from Guarani teyu, lizard. (MERREM 1820, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024)

The genus was named after Teius, like teyou derived from Guarani teyu, lizard. 
References
  • Alés, R. G., et al. 2017. Teius teyou (Four-toed Tegu) Predation. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 441 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Avila, Luciano Javier; Martín Miguel Femenías, Cristian Hernán Fulvio Pérez, Mariana Morando 2021. Nuevas especies de Liolaemus para la herpetofauna de la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetología 35 (S1): 223-228
  • Blair, W. Frank; Hulse, Arthur C.; Mares, Michael A. 1976. Origins and affinities of vertebrates of the North American Sonoran Desert and the Monte Desert of Northwestern Argentina. Journal of Biogeography 3: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1886. A synopsis of the reptiles and batrachians of the province Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 18: 423-445 - get paper here
  • Brizuela, S. and A.M. Albino 2009. The dentition of the Neotropical lizard genus Teius Merrem 1820 (Squamata Teiidae). Tropical Zoology 22: 183-193 - get paper here
  • Brizuela, Santiago; Ralf Kosma 2017. Comments on the Dentition of the Teiid Dicrodon Duméril and Bibron, 1839. South American Journal of Herpetology Dec 2017, Vol. 12, No. 3: 200-204. - get paper here
  • Cabrera, Mario R. 2007. Reptilia, Squamata, Teiidae, Teius suquiensis: New evidence of recent expansion of this parthenogenetic lizard? Check List 3 (3): 180-184 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, PIER; MARIANA Morando, Gunther Köhler, Luciano Avila 2016. On the distribution of the genus Teius Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia: Squamata: Teiidae) . Zootaxa 4136 (3): 491–514 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cano, Paula Daniela; Héctor Alejandro Ball, Matías Federico Carpinetto, Germán Darío Peña 2015. Reptile checklist of Río Pilcomayo National Park, Formosa, Argentina. Check List 11 (3): 1658 - get paper here
  • Casas, M.H., E. Aráoz & R. Montero 2016. Prevalence of Autotomy and Tail Regeneration in Teius teyou (Reptilia, Teiidae) Journal of Herpetology 50 (2): 449-456. - get paper here
  • Casas, Martín H.; Ezequiel Aráoz, and Ricardo Montero 2015. Prevalence of Autotomy and Tail Regeneration in Teius teyou (Reptilia, Teiidae). Journal of Herpetology 50 (3): 449-456. - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Cei, J.M. & LESCURE, J. 1985. Identité de Teius teyou (Daudin, 1802), type du genre, et de T. oculatus (d’Orbigny et Bibron, 1837) (Reptilia, Teiidae). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris 4° Ser (7): 461-473
  • COSTA, HENRIQUE C.; PAULO C.A. GARCIA & HUSSAM ZAHER 2016. The correct authorship and date of lizard names Teiinae, Tupinambinae, and Gymnophthalmidae. Zootaxa 4132 (2): 295–300 - get paper here
  • Cruz, F.B., E. Teisaire, L. Nieto & A. Roldán 1999. Reproductive Biology of Teius teyou in the Semiarid Chaco of Salta, Argentina Journal of Herpetology 33 (3): 420-429. - get paper here
  • D'Orbigny A. & BIBRON 1837. Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale, Tome 5, 1re Partie: Reptiles. Paris, P. Bertrand, Strasbourg, V.e Levrault [1837-1847] [SSAR reprint 1975]
  • Daudin, F. M. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, génerale et particulièredes reptiles, ouvrage faisant suite, a l'histoiure naturelle, générale et particulière composée par LECLERC DE BUFFON, et redigée par C. S. SONNINI, vol. 3. F. Dufart, Paris, 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. & De la Riva, I. 1999. The lizards and amphisbaenians of Bolivia (Reptilia, Squamata): checklist, localities, and bibliography. Graellsia 55: 199-215 - get paper here
  • Espeche, B. A., Brigada, A. M., & Rivera, P. C. 2023. Morphometric Variability in Lizards of the Genus Teius: A Comparative Study of Species with Different Reproductive Modes. Journal of Herpetology 57 (2): 238-245 - get paper here
  • Estes, Richard & Pregill, Gregory, eds. 1988. Phylogenetic relationships of the Lizard Families: Esays Commemorating Charles L. Camp. Stanford University Press, xvi + 632 pp.
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Gallardo, J.M. 1972. Composicion faunistica de los saurios de la Provincia de la Pampa, Republica Argentina. Neotropica 17 (52): 44-48
  • Gallardo, José M. 1969. Las especies de saurios (Reptilia) de la Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, y consideraciones sobre su ecologia y zoogeografia. Neotropica 15 (47): 73-81
  • Gans, C. 1960. Notes on a herpetological collecting trip through the southeastern lowlands of Bolivia. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 35 (13): 288-314.
  • Gonzales, Lucindo; Arturo Muñoz y Edson Cortez 2006. PRIMER REPORTE SOBRE LA HERPETOFAUNA DE LA RESERVA NATURAL “EL CORBALÁN”, TARIJA, BOLIVIA [FIRST REPORT ON THE HERPETOFAUNA OF “EL CORBALAN” NATURAL RESERVE, TARIJA, BOLIVIA]. Kempffiana 2 (1): 72-94 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Gudynas, E. 1979. NOTES ON THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND THE REPRODUCTION OF TEIUS TEYOU (LACERTILIA: TEllDAE). Herpetological Review 10 (4): 113 - get paper here
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Hellmich, Walter 1960. Die Sauria des Gran Chaco und seiner Randgebiete. Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse (101): 1-131
  • Hernando, A. 1994. Cariotipo y región organizadora del nucleolo en Teius teyou (Daudin, 1802) (Squamata: Teiidae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 8 (1): 87-89 - get paper here
  • Juárez Heredia, Viviana Isabel; Salva, Ana G.; Robles, Cecilia I. 2020. Primer registro de ectoparásitos en cinco especies de lagartijas del género Liolaemus (Liolaemidae) y en Teius teyou (Teiidae). Cuad. herp. 34 (2): - get paper here
  • Kacoliris F.P.; Berkunsky I. & Williams J. 2006. Herpetofauna of Impenetrable, Argentinean Great Chaco. Phyllomedusa 5 (2): 149-158 - get paper here
  • Lichtenstein, H. 1823. Verzeichniss der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Säugethieren, Vögeln, Amphibien und Fischen. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss./ T. Trautwein, Berlin. x, 118 pages - get paper here
  • Meier,H. 1983. Beobachtungen an einigen Teiden aus dem bolivianischen Chaco [Ameiva ameiva, Teius cyanogaster, Cnemidophorus ocellifer, Pantodactylus schreibersii, Tupinambis rufescens]. Herpetofauna 5 (26): 30-34 - get paper here
  • Merrem, B. 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien I (Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum). J. C. Kriegeri, Marburg, 191 pp. - get paper here
  • Milstead, William W. 1961. Notes on Teiid lizards in southern Brazil. Copeia 1961 (4): 493-495 - get paper here
  • Minoli, Ignacio; Pier Cacciali, Mariana Morando and Luciano Javier Avila 2019. Predicting spatial and temporal effects of climate change on the South American lizard genus Teius (Squamata: Teiidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 40 (3): 313–326 - get paper here
  • Müller, L. 1928. Herpetologische Mitteilungen II. Ein neuer Calotes von Sumatra. Zool. Anz. 77: 67-69
  • Müller, L. 1928. Herpetologische Mitteilungen. Zool. Anz. 77: 61-84
  • PELEGRIN, N. & LEYNAUD, G. C. & BUCHER, E. H. 2006. Reptile fauna of the Chancaní Reserve (Arid Chaco, Argentina): species list and conservation status [Short Note]. Herpetozoa 19 (1/2): 85-86 - get paper here
  • Peñaranda-Barrios, E.M. & J.M. Castro (Eds.). 2017. Huacareta, un área de exploración entre el bosque Tucumano boliviano, Chaco serrano y Chaqueño al sur de Bolivia. Historia Natural y Guía Ilustrada de Flora y Fauna. Shell Bolivia Corporation, Sucursal Bolivia-GeoAmbiente Ltda., Departamentos de Tarija y Chuquisaca-Bolivia. 495 p
  • Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel; Jofré, Laura E.; Rueda, Marta Patricia 2017. Primeros registros de la herpetofauna en dos areas naturales protegidas de la provincia de Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Cuad. herpetol. 32 (1): 49-57 - get paper here
  • Pesci, Giuliano; Sanchez, José Manuel; Muniz Leão, Suelem; Pelegrin, Nicolás 2018. Reptiles y anfibios de una localidad del Chaco Húmedo en Formosa, Argentina. Cuad. herpetol. 32 (1): 47-54 - get paper here
  • PIER CACCIALI & GUNTHER KÖHLER 2014. Notes on daily activity patterns in Teius teyou (Squamata: Teiidae) in the dry Chaco. Herpetological Bulletin (129) - get paper here
  • Presch, William 1974. Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of the macroteiid lizards (Family Teiidae, Subfamily Teiinae). Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 73 (1): 23-32 - get paper here
  • Scott, Norman J.;Lovett, Jonny Wayne 1975. A collection of reptiles and amphibians from the Chaco of Paraguay. The University of Connecticut Occasional Papers, Biological Series 2 (16): 257-266
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
 
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