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Tropidonophis picturatus (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Painted keelback 
SynonymTropidonotus picturatus SCHLEGEL 1837: 314
Tropidonotus picturatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 602
Tropidonotus picturatus — JAN & SORDELLI 1868
Tropidonotus picturatus — PETERS & DORIA 1878: 388 (part.)
Tropidonotus picturatus — BOULENGER 1893: 215 (part.)
Tropidonotus picturatus — BOULENGER 1898: 703
Tropidonotus picturatus — DE ROOIJ 1917: 76 (part.)
Natrix picturata — DUNN 1939
Natrix picturata — DE HAAS 1950: 542
Amphiesma picturata — MALNATE 1960: 50
Tropidonophis picturatus — MALNATE & UNDERWOOD 1988: 135
Styporhyncus picturatus
Tropidonophis picturatus pillotti HOSER 2012
Tropidonophis picturatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 751
Tropidonophis picturatus — ROBERTS et al. 2024 
DistributionIndonesia (Irian Jaya, Waigeu = Waigeo, Misool, Aru, Jobi, Valise, Salawati, Irian Jaya; Aru Islands? Biak? Yapen?)

Type locality: Lobo Bay, Netherlands New Guinea [= Irian Jaya]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: RMNH 1076, female. Designation by Malnate & Underwood (1988). Syntype: MNHN-RA 6474 (paralectotype?) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): “To Tropidonophis are assigned those natricine species in which at least three of the four characters discussed above are present: (1) mean occurrence of pits in >10% of the subcaudals; (2) a uniform number of scale rows on the trunk; (3) reduction of the number of caudal scale rows to four occurs posterior to the midnumber of subcaudals and the greatest length of the scale row sets is that of six rows; (4) a subchoanal process on the palatine bone. In addition, the following characteristics are present in all taxa: maxillary dentition syncranterian with the last three teeth moderately enlarged; a simple, centripetal sulcus spermaticus on the hemipenes entering a terminal basin on the distal lobes of the organs; hypapophyses present on all precaudal vertebrae with a well-developed M. transversohypapophyseus. In no other natricine genus is more than one of the first four characteristics present in any included taxon.” (MALNATE & UNDERWOOD 1988)


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CommentType species: Tropidonophis picturata is the type species of the genus Tropidonophis Jan, 1863. Note that Styporhynchus Peters 1863:399 was published in the same year, and is a synonym of Tropidonophis. Based on the publication date, Malnate & Underwood 1988 concluded that Jan’s name has priority.

Synonymy: after MALNATE & UNDERWOOD 1988. Several related species have been mixed up under the name t. picturatus, e.g. T. punctiventris, halmahericus, elongatus, doriae, mairii (Boulenger 1898: 703). Kaiser et al. 2013 considered the generic names Alanbrygelus Hoser 2012, Desburkeus Hoser 2012, Kirnerea Hoser 2012, Oxynatrix Hoser 2012, Oxynatrix Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected their use instead of Tropidonophis.

Key to species: MALNATE & UNDERWOOD 1988: 76 
References
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1895. On a collection of reptiles and batrachians from Ferguson Island, D'Entrecasteaux group British New Guinea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 16: 28-32 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1898. An account of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. L. Loria in British New Guinea. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 18: 694—710 [1897?] - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. DE 1917. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Il. Ophidia. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 334 S. - get paper here
  • Dunn, Emmett R. 1939. Zoological results of the Denison-Crockett Expedition to the South Pacific for the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1937-1938. Part II. Amphibia and reptilia. Notulae Naturae (14): 1-2
  • Guibé, J. & Roux-Estève, R. 1972. Les types de Schlegel (Ophidiens) présents dans les collections du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 129-134 - get paper here
  • HAAS, C.P.J. De 1950. Checklist of the snakes of the Indo-Australian archipelago. Treubia 20 (3): 511-625 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R.T. 2012. A review of natricine genera Tropidonophis Jan, 1863 and Amphiesma Duméril, Bibron and Duméril, 1854 (Serpentes: Colubroidae [sic]: Natricinae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 13:35–46. - get paper here
  • Jan, G. & Sordelli, F. 1868. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 27. Livraison. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O’Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
  • Lidth DE JEUDE, T.W. VAN 1911. Reptilien (Schlangen). Nova Guinea. Résultats de l’expedition scientifique néerlandaise à la Nouvelle Guinée en 1907 sous les auspices de Dr. H.A. Lorenz 9. Leiden (E. J. Brill), pp. 265-287
  • Malnate E V; Underwood G 1988. Australasian natricine snakes of the genus Tropidonophis. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA 140 (1) : 59-201 - get paper here
  • Malnate, Edmond V. 1960. Systematic division and evolution of the colubrid snake genus Natrix, with comments on the subfamily Natricinae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 112 (3): 41-71. - get paper here
  • O’Shea,M. 1996. A Guide to the Snakes of Papua New Guinea. Independent Publishing, Port Moresby, xii + 239 pp. - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig and G. Doria. 1878. Catalogo dei retilli e dei batraci raccolti da O. Beccari, L. M. D'Alberts e A. A. Bruijn. nella sotto-regione Austro-Malese. Annali del Museo Civico de Storia Naturale di Genova. ser. 1, 13: 323-450 - get paper here
  • Roberts, J. R., Kraus, F., Allison, A., Richards, S. J., Iova, B., Tjaturadi, B., ... & Austin, C. C. 2024. Systematics and biogeo graphy of a Sunda-Papuan snake lineage (Natricidae: Tropidonophis Jan 1863). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlae039 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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