Xenosaurus manipulus NIETO-MONTES DE OCA, CASTRESANA-VILLANUEVA, CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ & CAMPBELL, 2022
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Xenosaurus manipulus
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| Higher Taxa | Xenosauridae, Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Xenosaurus manipulus NIETO-MONTES DE OCA, CASTRESANA-VILLANUEVA, CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ & CAMPBELL 2022: 41 |
| Distribution | México (Oaxaca) Type locality: Vista Hermosa, km. 78 on Mexico Highway 175 Tuxtepec-Oaxaca, Municipality of Santiago Comaltepec, Oaxaca, México (17.63166667 N, 96.34250000 W), 1400 m elevation |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype. MZFC-HE 9551, adult male, collected in a rock crevice in cloud forest on 15 October 1996 by Walter Schmidt Ballardo. Paratypes. Twenty-two specimens, all from the Sierra de Jua ́rez, Oaxaca, Me ́xico: ‘‘Sierra de Jua ́rez’’ (no further data; MZFC-HE 2159 [three specimens]); Municipality of Santiago Comaltepec: Mexico Highway 175 Tuxtepec- Oaxaca, km. 88 (MZFC-HE 4510); La Esperanza (UTACV 22214); La Esperanza, 1550 m elevation (MZFC-HE 4511); 1 km NE La Esperanza (western slope of Cerro Redondo), 1736–1752 m elevation (MZFC-HE 9546–9547); same data as holotype (MZFC-HE 9548–9550); 3.4 mi. S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 8435); 3.8 mi. S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 8436); Ruta San Bernardo (approximately 3 km SW La Esperanza), 17.60711N, 96.38464W, 1721 m (CNAR 17181–17182); northern face of Sierra Jua ́rez, 1.6 km S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 12116, 12118); northern face of Sierra Jua ́rez, 3.1 km S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 12120, 12124–12125); northern face of Sierra Jua ́rez, 4.8 km S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 12131); northern face of Sierra Jua ́rez, 6.8 km S Vista Hermosa (UTACV 12134). Referred specimens. Six specimens, all from Oaxaca, Sierra de Jua ́rez, Municipality of Santiago Comaltepec: Campamento Vista Hermosa (KU 87437); Vista Hermosa (UCM 49320, 52482, 52487–52488); La Esperanza (UTACV 22213). |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (n=29). Xenosaurus manipulus differs from all of its congeners by having the following unique combination of characters: (1) one large, medial postrostral; (2) usually one (occasionally none or two) midsized, lateral postrostral on either side of the medial postrostral; (3) largest scales in the supraocular disk average approximately twice as wide as long; (4) canthus temporalis angular (if often weakly) along at least its anterior half (gradually less angular posteriorly), demarcated by enlarged, well-defined scales; (5) second pair of chinshields separated by 1–2 scales from each other; (6) dark brown to black transverse mark on the nape (collar) not divided longitudinally by the posterior extensions of the subocular stripes; (7) paravertebral tubercle rows usually conspicuous, separated from the dorsolateral tubercles by a distance usually greater than their own diameter (distance = 0.4–3.4, x̅ = 2.0 times diameter) and usually with none or only a few distinctly smaller tubercles between them; (8) 25– 33 subdigital scales on the fourth toe (x̅ = 27.8, n = 45 [both sides]); (9) pale interspaces between the dark dorsal cross-bands usually fragmented into spots; (10) venter usually cream/gray with few small, often faint, diffuse gray/brown spots (often coalescing into short transverse/oblique bars) on the sides of the venter and few or no spots on the chest and midventer and/or precloacal region; (11) 7–11 dark caudal rings (x̅ = 9.2, n = 22); and (12) paler midsection of at least the anteriormost caudal rings comparatively wide, bordered by usually narrower, much darker anterior and posterior sections. (Nieto-Montes de Oca et al. 2022) Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 27214 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. |
| Comment | Distribution: see map in Nieto-Montes de Oca et al. 2022: 48 (Fig. 6). |
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