Fowlea punctulata (GÜNTHER, 1858)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Tropidonotus punctulatus GÜNTHER 1858: 247 Tropidonotus punctulatus — THEOBALD 1868: 48 Fowlea peguensis THEOBALD 1868 (fide SMITH 1943) Tropidonotus punctulatus — BOULENGER 1893: 228 Nerodia punctulata WALL 1923 (fide SMITH 1943) Natrix punctulata — SMITH 1943: 292 Xenochrophis punctulatus — DAS 1996: 60 Xenochrophis punctulatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 799 Fowlea punctulatus — PURKAYASTHA et al. 2019 Fowlea punctulata — AMARASINGHE et al. 2022
Distribution	Myanmar (= Burma), Thailand (Mae Hong Son Province) Type locality: unknown
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Type: BMNH 1946.1.13.59 (and possibly additional specimens).
Diagnosis	Diagnosis (genus): Malnate (1960) stated that the members of this genus have hemipenes and sulcus spermaticus divided; maxillary teeth fewer than 30, in continuous series, the teeth becoming larger posteriorly; internasals narrowed anteriorly, nostrils dorso-laterally; apical pits absent or obscure pits present on neck only (cited in Purkayashta et al. 2019 who do not provide an updated diagnosis).
Comment	Distribution: Reports from India are based on unvoucered specimens. Not in India fide I. Das (pers. comm., 25 July 2012). Synonymy: Boulenger 1893, Smith 1943. Type species: Tropidonotus punctulatus GÜNTHER 1858: 247 is the type species of the genus Fowlea THEOBALD 1868 which was resurrected from the synonymy of Xenochrophis by Purkayashta et al. 2019. Key: Cheng et al. 2021 provide a key to the genera of Xenochrophis sensu stricto, Atretium, and Fowlea.
Etymology	The generic nomen of Fowlea was named by Mr. E. Fowle, who is the collector of type specimen of Fowlea peguensis. The gender of this generic name is masculine fide Cheng et al. (2021). However, in accordance with Article 30.2.4 of the Code (ICZN 1999), ‘‘If no gender was specified or indicated [by the describer], the name is to be treated as masculine, except that, if the name ends in –a the gender is feminine” -- which is the case for Fowlea, hence it is feminine.
References	Amarasinghe, A. A., Bandara, S. K., Weerakkody, S., Campbell, P. D., Marques, D. A., Danushka, A. D., ... & Vogel, G. 2022. Systematics of the Sri Lankan Water Snakes of the Genus Fowlea Theobald 1868 (Reptilia: Natricidae). Herpetologica 78(3) : 201-219 - get paper here Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here Cheng, Yu-Qi; Jin-Long Ren, Guang-Xiang Zhu, Jia-Tang Li 2021. On the Taxonomy of Atretium yunnanensis Anderson, 1879 (Squamata: Natricidae), with Redescriptions and Natural History Data of the Poorly Known Species. Russian Journal of Herpetology 28 (4): 205-218 - get paper here Dowling, H.G., & Jenner, J.V. 1988. Snakes of Burma: checklist of reported species and bibliography. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (76): 19 pp. - get paper here Günther, A. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine snakes of the British Museum. London, I - XVI, 1 - 281 - get paper here Pauwels,O.S.G.; David, P., Nutphand, W. & Chimsunchart, C. 2001. First record of Xenochrophis punctulatus (GÜNTHER 1858) (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae) from Thailand. Hamadryad 26 (2): 247-252 - get paper here Purkayastha, Jayaditya; JATIN KALITA, Rajeev Kungur Brahma, Robin Doley, MADHURIMA DAS 2018. A review of the relationships of Xenochrophis cerasogaster Cantor, 1839 (Serpentes: Colubridae) to its congeners. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 126-136, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4514.1.10 - get paper here Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp. Theobald, William 1868. Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 10: 4-67. - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Zug, G. R., J. H. Blackburn III, S. W. Kyi. 2006. Checkered keelbacks (Xenochrophis - Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae) at the Moyingyi Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Myanmar. Hamadryad 30 (1 & 2):157-166. - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.calacademy.org/research/herpetology/myanmar/checklist_snakes… http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/bioinformatics/lizards/images/macclive1.htm Google images

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