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Anolis grahami GRAY, 1845

IUCN Red List - Anolis grahami - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesAnolis grahami grahami GRAY 1845
Anolis grahami aquarum UNDERWOOD & WILLIAMS 1959 
Common NamesE: Jamaican Turquoise Anole, Graham's Anole
G: Graham-Anolis 
SynonymAnolis Grahami GRAY 1845: 274 (substitute name for A. punctatus GRAY 1840: 113, not A. punctatus DAUDIN 1802: 84)
Anolis iodurus GOSSE 1850
Anolis punctatissimus HALLOWELL 1856: 225
Anolis heterolepis HALLOWELL 1856: 230
Anolis grahami — COPE 1869: 164
Anolis guentheri BOCOURT 1873 (fide STUART 1955)
Anolis grahami — BOULENGER 1885: 32
Anolis guentheri — BOULENGER 1885
Anolis iodurus — BARBOUR 1910: 295
Anolis grahami grahami — GRANT 1940: 85
Anolis grahami iodurus — GRANT 1940: 86
Norops grahami — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 154
Anolis grahami — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 270
Norops grahami — NICHOLSON 2002
Anolis grahami — COOPER 2005
Norops grahami — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Norops grahami grahami — NICHOLSON et al. 2018

Anolis grahami aquarum UNDERWOOD and WILLIAMS 1959
Anolis grahami aquarum UNDERWOOD and WILLIAMS 1959: 28
Anolis grahami aquarum — HILGENHOF 1998
Norops grahami aquarum — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Norops grahami aquarum — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionJamaica, Bermuda

Anolis grahami grahami western Jamaica; Cabarita I. off Port Maria; intergrades with A. g. aquarum. Type locality: Unknown; restricted to “Jamaica” by O’Shaughnessy 1875.

Anolis grahami aquarum: Portland and St. Thomas parishes. Type locality: “Botanical gardens, Bath, St. Thomas [Parish], Jamaica”.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1936.12.3.101 = 1946.8.5.49, BMNH 1946.8.28.89-.9 1.
HOLOTYPE: BMNH 1954.1.2.61 [aquarum]
Holotype: ANSP 7915; Cuba, Cienfuegos [heterolepis]
Sytntypes: (3) ANSP 7897-99; Jamaica [punctatissimus] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1534 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentFor illustrations see Underwood and Williams 1959, Milton and Jenssen 1979, Schwartz and Henderson, 1985.

Synonymy: Anolis opalinus is listed as a synonym of A. grahami by BOULENGER 1885, but is now a valid species. Anolis guentheri BOCOURT 1873 is known from only the holotype and was never reliably found again. It was suspected to be an untypical A. rodriguezi (STUART 1955) but formally synonymized with A. grahami by KÖHLER 2012.

Species group: Norops valencienni species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012). 
EtymologyNamed after James Duncan Graham (1799-1865), American engineer, astronomer and collector of biological specimens. 
References
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  • Baum, T. 2008. Jamaika, seine Leguane und der Riesenanaolis Anolis garmani. Reptilia (Münster) 13 (72): 73-80 - get paper here
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  • Bocourt, M. E. 1873. In: A. Duméril, M. F. Bocourt, and F. Mocquard, (1870-1909), Etudes sur les reptiles, p. i-xiv; In Recherches Zoologiques pour servir a l'Histoire de Ia Faune de l'Amérique Centrale et du Mexique. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Ce Imprimerie Impériale, Paris, Livr. 2-15, pp. 33-860. - get paper here
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