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Euprepiophis conspicillata (BOIE, 1826)

IUCN Red List - Euprepiophis conspicillata - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Japanese Woodsnake, Burrowing Ratsnake
G: Japanische Waldnatter
Russian: Японский полоз 
SynonymColuber conspicillatus BOIE 1826: 211
Elaphis conspicillatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 285
Proterodon tessellatus HALLOWELL 1861: 499 (fide STEJNEGER 1907)
Coronella conspicillata — JAN 1865
Coronella perspicillata MÜLLER 1878: 595 (lapsus)
Coluber conspicillatus — BOULENGER 1894: 51
Elaphe conspicillata — STEJNEGER 1907: 334
Elaphe japonica MAKI 1931: 91
Elaphe conspiciliata — MAKI 1931: 89
Elaphe conspiciliata — SCHULZ 1989 (in error)
Elaphe japonica — FRANK & RAMUS 1995
Elaphe conspicillata — SCHULZ 1996
Euprepiophis conspicillatus — UTIGER et al. 2002
Elaphe conspicillata — GORIS & MAEDA 2004: 231
Elaphe japonica — ANANJEVA et al. 2006: 152
Euprepriophis conspicillata — BURBRINK & LAWSON 2007 (in error)
Euprepiophis conspicillatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 292
Euprepiophis conspicillatus — DUNAEV & ORLOVA 2017
Euprepiophis conspicillata — TANG et al. 2021
Euprepiophis conspicillata — HASEGAWA & MORI 2023 
DistributionJapan (Yakushima, Tanegashima, Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshu, Ryukyu Islands), Russia: Kunasir

Type locality: Japan (Boie, 1826)

japonica: Japan (north of Hokaido, Honshu), Kunashir Island (Kuril Islands, Russia); Type locality: Shirane-san near Nikko.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: RMNH RENA.400.a, 400.b, 401, collector Ph.P. von Siebold, Japan.
Holotype: ANSP 3481; Japan, Loo Choo Islands [Proterodon tessellatus]
Holotype: NSMT H03244 [Elaphe japonica] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1145 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Coluber conspicillatus BOIE 1826 is the type species of the genus Euprepiophis FITZINGER 1843: 26.

Synonymy: Kaiser et al. 2013 considered the generic name Sinoelaphe Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected its use instead of Euprepiohis. 
EtymologyNamed after the black markings on the head of the young (conspicillata, Latin for a pair of spectacles). 
References
  • Alexander, Donald R.;Diener, Richard A. 1958. A collection of amphibians and reptiles from Japan. Copeia 1958 (3): 218-219 - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1909. Notes on Amphibia and Reptilia from Eastern Asia. Proc. New England zool. Club 4: 53-78, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Boie. H. 1826. Merkmale einiger japanischer Lurche. lsis von Oken, Jena. 18-19: 203 - 216 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1894. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, xi, 382 pp. - get paper here
  • Burbrink, Frank T. and Robin Lawson 2007. How and when did Old World ratsnakes disperse into the New World? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43 (1): 173-189 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 7 (partie 1). Paris, xvi + 780 S. - get paper here
  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2017. Amphibians and reptiles of Russia. Atlas and determination. 2nd. ed. Moscow: Phyton XXI, 328 p
  • Goris, R.C. & Maeda, N. 2004. Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Japan. Krieger, Malabar, 285 pp.
  • Hallowell, E. 1861. Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 [1860]: 480 - 510 - get paper here
  • Hasegawa, Masami and Akira Mori 2023. Giant Snakes and Tiny Seabirds on a Small Japanese Island. In: Lillywhite & Martins, eds., Islands and snakes, vol. II. Oxford University Press, p. 100 ff - get paper here
  • Hoser, R.T. 2012. A division of the Asian forest ratsnakes genus Euprepiophis Boie, 1826 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 13:8–9. - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1865. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 14. Livraison. [Elapomorphus d’Orbignyi, Coronella getulus var. Sayi]. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O’Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
  • Maki, M. 1931. Monograph of the Snakes of Japan. Dai-ichi Shobo, Tokyo. (1), 7, 240 pages (expanded edition 1933)
  • Mori, Akira and Eiko Nagata 2016. Relying on a Single Anuran Species: Feeding Ecology of a Snake Community on Kinkasan Island, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Current Herpetology Aug 2016, Vol. 35, No. 2: 106-114. - get paper here
  • Mori,M. 1982. Japans Schlangen, Vols. 1-3 (80, 102, 123 pp.). Tokyo (Igaku-Shoin Ltd.) [bilingual edition in German and Japanese]
  • Müller, F. 1878. Über einige seltene und neue Reptilien aus Guatemala. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel, 6: 390-411 - get paper here
  • Nagata, Eiko; and Mori, Akira 2003. A record of Elaphe conspicillata from Kinkazan Island, Miyagi Prefecture. Bulletin of the Herpetological Society of Japan 2003(2):74-75. - get paper here
  • Otani, S., & Duensser, E. 2024. ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONS OF SNAKES DESCRIBED BY BOIE (1826). TAPROBANICA 13 (02): 48–61 - get paper here
  • Sawada, K., Watanabe, Y., Kobayashi, K., Magome, Y., Abe, H. and Kamijo, T. 2025. , Multidimensional niche partitioning allows coexistence of multiple snake species. J Zool, 325: 323-333 - get paper here
  • Schulz, K. D. 1996. Eine Monographie der Schlangengattung Elaphe Fitzinger. Bushmaster, Berg (CH): 1-460
  • Schulz, K.-D. 1988. Die hinterasiatischen Kletternatter der Gattung Elaphe, Teil 12 Elaphe conspiciliata (BOIE, 1826). Sauria 10 (1): 21-23 - get paper here
  • SCHULZ, K.-D.: 2012. Lebensdauer von Euprepiophis conspicillatus (Boie, 1826) (Serpentes, Colubridae). Sauria 34 (3): 55-56 - get paper here
  • Schulz, Klaus-Dieter 1996. A monograph of the colubrid snakes of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger. Koeltz Scientific Books, 439 pp.
  • Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here
  • Tang SY, Li CL, Li YL, Li BG. 2021. New records of the Endangered Szechwan Rat Snake, Euprepiophis perlaceus (Stejneger, 1929) (Squamata: Colubridae: Coronellini), from Shaanxi, China. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 23–30 (e279) - get paper here
  • Toriba, M. 1993. Present location of the type specimens described by Maki. The Snake 25: 71-72
  • Utiger, Urs, Notker Helfenberger, Beat Schätti, Catherine Schmidt, Markus Ruf and Vincent Ziswiler 2002. Molecular systematics and phylogeny of Old World and New World ratsnakes, Elaphe Auct., and related genera (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae). Russ. J. Herpetol. 9 (2): 105-124. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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