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Strobilurus torquatus WIEGMANN, 1834

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Higher TaxaTropiduridae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Lagarto-de-Cauda-Espinhosa, Lagartixa 
SynonymStrobilurus torquatus WIEGMANN 1834
Doryphorus spinosus — GUICHENOT 1855
Strobilurus torquatus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 354
Strobilurus torquatus — BOULENGER 1885: 181
Strobilurus torquatus — BOULENGER 1888: 40
Strobilurus torquatus — ETHERIDGE 1968
Tropidurus strobilurus — FROST 1992
Tropidurus strobilurus — HARVEY GUTBERLET 2000
Strobilurus torquatus — FROST et al. 2001 
DistributionE/S Brazil (atlantic forests, Pernambuco, Ceará, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Sergipe)

Type locality: Brazil  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZMB 672, 673 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS (genus): Following Etheridge (1968), Frost et al. (2001b), and Carvalho et al. (202X). (1) head not relatively small, body and tail not compressed latero-laterally; (2) body not extremely flattened dorso-ventrally; (3) skull not highly elevated at the level of the orbits; (4) premaxilla broad; (5) nutritive foramina of maxilla striking enlarged; (6) lingual process of dentary present, extending over lingual dentary process of coronoid; (7) angular strongly reduced; (8) medial centrale absent; (9) sternal fontanelle present; (10) circumorbitals distinct from other small supraorbital scales; (11) orbit underlain by at least three scales caused by fragmentation of preocular–subocular series; (12) poorly defined or absent postmental scale series; (13) antegular fold absent; (14) projecting tufts of elongate, spiny scales on the neck absent; (15) dark-banded, green dorsal background; (16) dorsals keeled and shortly mucronate, ventrals smooth, about one and a half times as large as dorsals; (17) enlarged middorsal scale row forming a serrate dorsal crest; (18) yellow “flash” marks on posteriormost region of the abdomen, pre-cloacal region, underneath thighs of males; (19) tail autotomic, terete but heavily mucronate, about as long as SVL, and with unequal whorls of spinose scales; (20) fourth finger longer than third; (21) lateral fringe not developed on both sides of fourth toes; (22) hemipenes attenuate, without apical disks; (23) arboreal (modified by O. Torres-Carvajal, pers. comm. 2021). 
CommentFrost (1992) proposed the name Tropidurus strobilurus for Strobilurus torquatus WIEGMANN 1834, since the combination Tropidurus torquatus is already preoccupied. Frost (2001) resurrected Strobilurus again.

Type species: Strobilurus torquatus WIEGMANN 1834 is the type species of the genus Strobilurus WIEGMANN 1834. See Frost 2001 for a new diagnosis of the genus.

Habitat: closed-canopy forest, arboreal

Young specimens have a greenish color and the adults are grayed out and the tail with thorns.

Synonymy partly after Peters et al. 1970. 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin torquatus, "adorned with a necklace or collar", refers to the conspicuous, light-bordered black collar in these lizards.

The genus was named after Greek strobilos (στροβιλός), spinning, whirling + Greek oura (οὐρᾷ), tail. ["...Cauda mediocris, compressiuscula, squamis maximis, carinatis, imbricatis, spiniferis…"]. 
References
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  • Bezerra, P. E. S., Santana, F. M., & de Moura, G. J. B. 2021. Sustainability assessment of a lizard assemblage in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Journal for Nature Conservation, 125957
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