You are here » home › advanced search › Testudo horsfieldii

Testudo horsfieldii GRAY, 1844

IUCN Red List - Testudo horsfieldii - Vulnerable, VU
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Testudo horsfieldii?

Add your own observation of
Testudo horsfieldii »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaTestudinidae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesTestudo horsfieldii horsfieldii GRAY 1844
Testudo horsfieldii bogdanovi CHKHIKVADZE 2008
Testudo horsfieldii kazachstanica CHKHIKVADZE 1988
Testudo horsfieldii kuznetzovi CHKHIKVADZE, ATAEV, SHAMMAKOV & ZATOKA 2009
Testudo horsfieldii rustamovi CHKHIKVADZE, AMIRANSCHWILI & ATAEV 1990 
Common NamesE: Horsfield’s Tortoise
G: Steppenschildkröte
E: Fergana Valley Steppe Tortoise [bogdanovi]
E: Kazakhstan Steppe Tortoise [kazachstanica]
E: Turkmenistan Steppe Tortoise [kuznetzovi]
E: Kopet-Dag Steppe Tortoise [rustamovi]
Chinese: 四爪陆龟 
SynonymTestudo horsfieldii GRAY 1844: 7
Homopus burnesii BLYTH 1854
Testudo horsfieldii — GRAY 1857: 343
Testudinella Horsfieldii — GRAY 1873: 143
Testudo baluchiorum ANNANDALE 1906
Agrionemys horsfieldii — KHOZATSKY & MLYNARSKI 1966
Testudo horsfieldii — TRUTNAU 1975: 138
Agryonemys [sic] horsfieldii — LANGERWERF 1979
Agrionemys horsfieldii — OBST 1985
Testudo horsfieldi — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 268
Agrionemys horsfieldi — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Testudo horsfieldii — XIANGKUI 1994
Testudo horsfieldii — DAS 1996: 39
Agrionemys horsfieldi — SZCZERBAK 2003
Testudo horsfieldii — JOHNSTON et al. 2006
Agrionemys (Testudo) horsfieldii — BONIN et al 2006
Agrionemys horsfieldi — BONDARENKO et al. 2008
Testudo horsfieldii — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii horsfieldii — TTWG 2017: 155
Testudo horsfieldii — TTWG 2021
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii horsfieldii — TTWG 2021
Agrionemys horsfieldii — SHESTOPAL & SCHCHERBINA 2024

Testudo horsfieldii bogdanovi CHKHIKVADZE 2008
Agrionemys bogdanovi CHKHIKVADZE 2008
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii bogdanovi — TTWG 2017: 156
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii bogdanovi — TTWG 2021

Testudo horsfieldii kazachstanica CHKHIKVADZE 1988
Agrionemys horsfieldi kazachstanica CHKHIKVADZE 1988
Testudo horsfieldii kazachstanica — DAVID 1994
Agrionemys horsfieldi kazachstanica — LAGARDE 2004
Agrionemys kazachstanica terbishi CHKHIKVADZE 2009
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii kazachstanica — TTWG 2017: 156
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii kasachstanica — DAVLETBAKOV et al. 2016
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii kazachstanica — TTWG 2021

Testudo horsfieldii kuznetzovi CHKHIKVADZE, ATAEV, SHAMMAKOV & ZATOKA 2009
Agrionemys kazachstanica kuznetzovi CHKHIKVADZE, ATAEV, SHAMMAKOV & ZATOKA 2009
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii kuznetzovi — TTWG 2017: 156
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii kuznetzovi — TTWG 2021

Testudo horsfieldii rustamovi CHKHIKVADZE, AMIRANSCHWILI & ATAJEW 1990
Agrionemys horsfieldi rustamovi CHKHIKVADZE et al. 1990
Testudo horsfieldii rustamovi — DAVID 1994
Agrionemys rustamovi — PERÄLÄ 2002
Agrionemys horsfieldi rustamovi — LAGARDE 2004
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii rustamovi — TTWG 2017: 156
Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii rustamovi — TTWG 2021
 
DistributionS Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, N/E Iran, Afghanistan, N Pakistan, N/W Baluchistan, NW China (Xinjiang); elevations up to 2400 m (in Afghanistan fide WERNING & WOLF 2007).

Type locality: Kabul, Afghanistan

bogdanovi: Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; Type locality: “Узбекистан (Окрестности городов Бухара, Самарканд, Карши), Восточный Туркменистан (окрестности Чарджоу) и Киргизстан (Чуйская долина и окрестности города Ош)” [Uzbekistan (vicinity of the cities of Bukhara, Samarkand, Karshy), East Turkmenistan (near Chardzhou) and Kyrgyzstan (Chuy valley and vicinity of Osh)]. Restricted to “Ферганская долина” [Ferghana Valley] [Uzbekistan] by Chkhikvadze et al. (2009:49).

kazachstanica: Afghanistan, China (Xinjiang), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; Type locality: “Южное Прибалхашье, поселок Каратал” [south- ern Pribalkhashye (= Balkash), Karatal village]” [Kazakhstan].

kuznetzovi: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; Type locality: “впадины Акчакая (Северный Туркменистан, к западу от г. Дашогуз – бывш. Ташауз)” [Akchakai depression (North Turkmenistan, west of the city of Dashoguz – prev. Tashauz)].

rustamovi: Afghanistan, Iran (Golestan, Khorasan Razavi, North Khorasan, Semnan), Turkmenistan; Type locality: “село Мадау (Кизыл-Атрекский район), Юго-Западный Туркменистан” [Madau Village, Kizyl Atrek Region, south-western Turkmenistan].  
ReproductionTestudo horsfieldii and Testudo graeca ibera have been reported to produce viable hybrids (KABISCH 2001). T. horsfieldii produced also hybrids with T. hermanni boettgeri (STEINLE 1977, FRITZ 1995). 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.3.
Holotype: GSM 13.4.60 (Collection of the Institute paleobiolo-energy, Georgian National Museum) [bogdanovi]
Holotype: ZIT 13.4.1 (formerly Georgian National Academy of Sciences, paleo collection, fide CHKHIKVADZE 1988) [kazachstanica]
Holotype: GSM (Collection of the Institute paleobiology of the National Museum of Georgia) [kuznetzovi] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2031 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Testudo horsfieldii is the type species of the genus Agrionemys KHOZATSKY & MLYNARSKI 1966.

Distribution: Reports from Armenia are not confirmed by Ananjeva et al. (2004). Reports from Nepal also need confirmation (BONIN et al. 2006). Not in Russia fide Igor Doronin (pers. comm., 29 July 2017) nor in Azerbaijan (Igor Doronin (pers. comm., 9 Jan 2023). For a map see Escoriza & Hassine 2022: Fig. 1.

Hybridization: T. horsfieldi and T. hermanni may hybridize (Kirsche 1984). 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Thomas Horsfield (1773-1859), American naturalist and physician. He worked in Java (1796) and for the East India Company and blater ecame a friend of Sir Thomas Raffies.

T. h. bogdanovi was named after herpetologist Oleg Pavlovich Bogdanov. T. h. kuznetzovi was named after the paleoherpetologist Valentin Vasilyevich Kuznetsova. 
References
  • Ananjeva N. B., Rustamov E. A., Tuniev B. S., Orlov N. L., Shestopal A. A. 2021. In commemoration of Sakhat M. Shammakov (1933 – 2021). Current Studies 21 (1-2): 66 - get paper here
  • Anonymous 2016. Testudinate China [in both English and Chinese] Testudinate Industry Branch of the China Fishery Association, published on occasion of WCH8; author not explicitly stated, 54 pp.
  • Auer, M. & Herz, M. 2007. Die Landschildkröten des Iran - Persische Populationen der Maurischen Landschildkröte. Draco 8 (32): 50-55 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D. A. 2021. Results of a long term study on the distribution, taxonomy, and ecology of the Central Asian Tortoise, Agrionemys horsfieldii (Gray, 1844) (Testudines, Testudinidae). [in Russian] Proc. Inst. Zool., Kazakhstan, pp. 37-70 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D. A., Peregontsev E. A. 2017. DISTRIBUTION OF THE CENTRAL ASIAN TORTOISE AGRIONEMYS HORSFIELDII (GRAY, 1844) IN UZBEKISTAN (RANGE, REGIONAL AND LANRSCAPE DISTRIBUTION, POPULATIONS DENSITY). Current Studies in Herpetology 17 (3-4): 124 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D. A., Peregontsev E. A. 2018. REPTILE COMMUNITIES OF THE KARAKALPAKIAN USTYURT (UZBEKISTAN). Current Studies in Herpetology 18 (1-2): 13 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D. A., Peregontsev E. A. 2019. Thermal Biology and Dayly Activity of Central Asian Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii) (Testudinidae, Reptilia). Current Studies in Herpetology 19 (1-2): 17 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D.A. 2013. Central asian tortoise, Agrionemys horsfieldii (Gray, 1844), in the diet of Central Asian vertebrates: study results. Current Studies in Herpetology 13 (1/2): 3–21 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko D.A., Peregontsev E.A. 2018. Features of seasonal activity of central asian tortoise Agrionemys horsfieldii (Gray, 1844). ZOOSOCIOLOGY OF TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES. Materials of the Conference dedicated to the 80th anniversary of birth of Professor Oleg Vilevich Mitropolskiy. 2018. 32-36
  • Bondarenko, D. A. and Т. N. Dujsebayeva 2012. CENTRAL ASIAN TURTLE, AGRIONEMYS HORSFIELDII (GRAY, 1844), IN KAZAKHSTAN (ITS DISTRIBUTION, HABITAT DIVISION, AND POPULATION DENSITY) [in Russian] Current Studies in Herpetology 12 (1/2): 3 – 26(СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГЕРПЕТОЛОГИЯ)
  • Bondarenko, D.A. & Evgeny A. Peregontsev 2009. Peculiarities of landscape distribution of the Central Asian Tortoise, Agrionemys horsfieldii, in Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 48: 49–62 - get paper here
  • Bondarenko, D.A.; E. A. Peregontsev and G. B. Mukhtar 2008. Current State of Steppe Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii Gray, 1844) Populations in Landscapes of Southern Kazakhstan. Russian Journal of Ecology, 39 (3): 210–214 - get paper here
  • Bonin, F., Devaux, B. & Dupré, A. 2006. Turtles of the World. English translation by P.C.H. Pritchard. Johns Hopkins University Press, 416 pp.
  • Borkin, L.J. 2022. EARLY STUDIES ON THE HERPETOFAUNA OF KAZAKHSTAN (XVIII CENTURY) [in russian] Almaty: Institute of Zoology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 2022. - 156 pp.
  • Buskirk, James R. 1989. New locality records for Chinese non-marine chelonians [Chinemys reevesii nigricans, Cistoclemmys flavomarginata, Cuora galbinifrons hainanensis pani, Mauremys mutica, Clemmys Oscadia sinensis, Sacalia bealei quadriocellata, Platysternon megacephalum Chinese Herpetological Research 2 (2): 65-68
  • Chkhikvadze, V. M. 1988. Systematic classification of contemporary land turtles of middle Asia and Khazachstan [in Russian]. Acad. Sci. Gerogian S.S.R., Biol. Ser. 14 (2): 110-113 - get paper here
  • Chkhikvadze, V. M. 2009. CENTRAL TURTLE IN MONGOLIA [in Russian] Problems of Desert Development (Ashgabat) (3-4): 60-63
  • CHKHIKVADZE, V.M.; CH. ATAEV , S. SHAMMAKOV 2009. NEW TAXONS OF CENTRAL ASIAN TORTOISES (TESTUDINIDAE: AGRIONEMYS BOGDANOVI AND A. KAZACHSTANICA KUZNETZOVI) [in Russian] PROBLEMS OF DESERT DEVELOPMENT. MINISTRY OF NATURE PROTECTION OF TURKMENISTAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DESERTS, FLORA AND FAUNA (1-2): 49-54
  • Chkihvadze, V. M., H. G. Amiranashvi, and C. Ataev 1990. A new subspecies of tortoise from southwestern Turkmenistan [in Russian]. Izvest. Akad. Nauk Turkmenskoi S.S R., Ser. Biol. 1: 72-75 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Engelmann, W.E. et al. 1993. Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas. Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Escoriza D & J. Ben Hassine 2022. Niche diversification of Mediterranean and southwestern Asian tortoises. PeerJ 10:e13702 - get paper here
  • Farke, C. M. & C. Distler 2015. Ontogeny and abnormalities of the tortoise carapace: a computer tomography and dissection study. Salamandra 51 (3): 231-244 - get paper here
  • Fass, Ude. 2016. Unerwarteter Fund von Naturbruten der Steppenschildkröten im Gehege. Schildkröten im Fokus 13 (2): 26-33. [ufass@t-online.de]
  • Fischer, S. & Homuth, M. 2006. Virusinfektion bei Landschildkröten. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (57): 56-63 - get paper here
  • Fischer, S. & Homuth, M. 2006. Herpesvirus infection in tortoises - illness, diagnosis, and prevention. Reptilia (GB) (47): 78-82 - get paper here
  • Fong, J.J. & Qiao, G.X. 2010. New localities of endangered Chinese turtles from museum specimens and the practical and ethical challenges using and reporting natural history collection data. Zootaxa 2393: 59–68 - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. 1995. Schildkröten-Hybriden. 2. Halsberger-Schildkröten (Cryptodira). Herpetofauna 17 (95): 19-34 - get paper here
  • Gray, J.E. 1844. Catalogue of Tortoises, Crocodilians, and Amphisbaenians in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London. viii + 80 p. - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1857. Notice of some Indian tortoises (including the description of a new species presented to the British Museum by Professor Oldham). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) 19: 342-344 - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1873. Notes on tortoises. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 11: 143-149 - get paper here
  • Gutsche, A. 2012. Klassiker: Die Steppenschildkröte. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (4): 74-75 - get paper here
  • Hempel, W. 1991. Agrionemys horsfieldii (GRAY, 1844). Sauria 13 Suppl.: 213–216 - get paper here
  • Herz, M. & Auer, M. 2007. Die Landschildkröten des Iran - Steppenschildkröten in Persien. Draco 8 (32): 56-60 - get paper here
  • Hitschfeld, Ellen; Auer, Markus; Fritz, Uwe 2008. Phalangeal formulae and ontogenetic variation of carpal morphology in Testudo horsfieldii and T. hermanni. Amphibia-Reptilia 29 (1): 93-99 - get paper here
  • Jablonski D, Regan JM, Holzheuser C, Farooqi J, Basit A, Masroor R 2019. Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan. Herpetozoa 32: 177-193 - get paper here
  • Jamniczky, H. A. and A. P. Russell 2007. Reappraisal of Patterns of Nonmarine Cryptodiran Turtle Carotid Circulation: Evidence From Osteological Correlates and Soft Tissues. Journal of Morphology 268:571–587 - get paper here
  • Johnston, E.E.; Rand, M.S. & Zweifel, S.G. 2006. Detection of multiple paternity and sperm storage in a captive colony of the central Asian tortoise Testudo horsfieldii. Can. J. Zool. 84: 520-526 - get paper here
  • Joisten, F. 2013. Amphibien und Reptilien in Nord-Afghanistan. Reptilia (Münster) 18 (103): 86-93 - get paper here
  • Kabisch, K. 2001. Bastardierung von Testudo horsfieldii GRAY 1844 und Testudo graeca ibera PALLAS 1814. Sauria 23 (2): 7-11 - get paper here
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Kami, H. G. 1999. On the biology of the Afghan Tortoise, Testudo horsfieldi, in north-eastern Iran (Reptilia: Testudines). Zoology in the Middle East 19: 43 - get paper here
  • Khan, M.S. 2006. Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan. Krieger, Malabar, 311 pp. - get paper here
  • Khozatsky, L.I. & MLYNARSKI, M. 1966. Agrionemys - nouveau genre de tortues terrestres (Testudinidae). Bull. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. II, 14 (2): 123-125
  • Kirsche, W. K 1984. Bastardierung von Testudo horsfieldii (Gray) und Testudo h. hermanni Gmelin. Amphibia-Reptilia 5 (3-4): 311 - 322 - get paper here
  • Kuzmin, S.L. 2002. The turtles of Russia and other Ex-soviet Republics. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 159 pp.
  • Langerwerf, B. 1979. De herpetofauna van Oezbekistan (1). Lacerta 37 (8): 133-136 - get paper here
  • Lee, D.S. & Smith, K. 2010. Testudostan: Our Post-Cold War Global Exploitation of a Noble Tortoise. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 45(1):1-9 - get paper here
  • Leviton, A.E.; Anderson, S.C. 1961. Further Remarks on the Amphibians and Reptiles of Afghanistan. Wasmann Journal of Biology 19 (2): 269-276 - get paper here
  • Lourenço, João M.; Julien Claude, Nicolas Galtier, Ylenia Chiari 2011. Dating cryptodiran nodes: Origin and diversification of the turtle superfamily Testudinoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): - get paper here
  • Martin T, Guillemin M, Nivet-Mazerolles V, Landsmann C, Dubos J, Eudeline R, and Stroud J. 2017. The herpetofauna of central Uzbekistan. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 11(1) [General Section]: 93–107 - get paper here
  • Obst, F.J. 1986. Turtles, tortoises and terrapins. St. Martins, New York. 231 pp.
  • Parham, James F.; Macey, J. Robert; Papenfuss, Theodore J.; Feldman, Chris R.; Turkozan, Oguz; Polymeni, Rosa; Boore, Jeffrey 2006. The phylogeny of Mediterranean tortoises and their close relatives based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences from museum specimens. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38(1):50-64 [2005] - get paper here
  • Pieh, A. & Philippen, H.D. 2007. Mediterrane Landschildkröten. Draco 8 (32): 4-34 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, J., DAS, I., Sengupta, S. 2015. Freshwater Turtles & Tortoises of South Asia. Bhabani Books, 138 pp. - get paper here
  • RASTEGAR-POUYANI, NASRULLAH; HAJI GHOLI KAMI, MEHDI RAJABZADEH, SOHEILA SHAFIEI AND STEVEN CLEMENT ANDERSON 2008. Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Iran. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 4 (1): 7-30
  • Shammakov, S. 1981. Presmykaiushchiesia ravninnogo Turkmenistana [Reptiles of the plains of Turkmenistan, in Russian]. Instit. Zool., ANTur SSR, Ashkhabad 308 pp.
  • Shestopal A. A., Shcherbina A. A. 2024. Distribution of reptiles in Northwestern Turkmenistan. [in Russian] Current Studies in Herpetology 24 (1-2): 102 - get paper here
  • Shestopal A., Amanov A., Ovezov T. 2021. An overview of reptiles from the Kaplankyr Nature Reserve and adjacent territories. [in Russian] Proc. Inst. Zool., Kazakhstan, pp. 105-126 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Stalmakova, V. A. 2005. An albino of Steppe Tortoise (Agrionemys horsfieldii(Gray, 1844)) with an unusual shell anomaly. Modern Herpetology 3/4:117-120.
  • Steinle,C.P. 1977. Ein rätselhaftes Gelege. Eier von Testudo horsfieldii durch T. hermanni befruchtet? Aquar. Terr. Z. (Stuttgart) 30 (1): 33-34
  • Szczerbak, N.N. 2003. Guide to the Reptiles of the Eastern Palearctic. Krieger, Malabar, FL, 260 pp. - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 1975. Europäische Amphibien und Reptilien. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 212 pp.
  • TTWG; Anders G.J. Rhodin, John B. iverson, Roger Bour, Uwe Fritz, Arthur GeoRges, H. BRadley Shaffer, and Peter Paul van Dijk 2017. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (8th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Pritchard, P.C.H., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Ed Chelonian Research Monographs 7:1–292. doi: 10.3854/crm.7.checklist.atlas.v8.2017 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Türkozan, Oğuz; Adem Özdemir, and Ferhat Kiremit 2008. International Testudo Trade. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7(2): 269 - get paper here
  • Urioste, Jaime de; Maria José Bethencourt & Beate Pfau 2023. Die Fundación Neotrópico auf Teneriffa: eine sehr spezielle Auffangstation. Elaphe 2023 (2): 72-83
  • van der Kuyl, Antoinette C.; Donato L. Ph. Ballasina, John T. Dekker, Jolanda Maas, Ronald E. Willemsen and Jaap Goudsmit 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships among the Species of the Genus Testudo (Testudines: Testudinidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial 12S rRNA Gene Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22: 174-183 - get paper here
  • Vasilyev, V. A.; D. A. Bondarenko; E. A. Peregontsev; A. S. Voronov; A. P. Ryskov and S. K. Semenova 2008. Polymorphism of the 12S rRNA Gene and Phylogeography of the Central Asian Tortoises Agrionemys horsfieldii Gray, 1844. Russian Journal of Genetics 44 (6): 682–685 - get paper here
  • Vlachos, E. and Rabi, M. 2018. Total evidence analysis and body size evolution of extant and extinct tortoises (Testudines: Cryptodira: Pan-Testudinidae). Cladistics 34: 652–683, doi:10.1111/cla.12227 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. & Wolf, C. 2007. Gebirge und Hochland - Reptilien und Amphibien in einem extremen Lebensraum. Draco 7 (27): 4-27 - get paper here
  • Wilms, T. 2004. Die Steppenschildkröte (Testudo horsfieldii). Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 64 pp. - get paper here
  • Wogawa, Diane 1996. Die Steppenschildkröte. DATZ 49 (8): 497
  • Xiangkui-Y 1994. Fossil and recent turtles of China. Science Press, Beijing. 1994: i-vi, 1-112
  • Yangiboyev, E. C.; Mamarakhimov, O. M., Makhmudova, M. M., Nabiev, U. A., & Karamatova, G. 2024. The diversity of reptiles in different ecological environments of mountainous parts of Kashkadarya region. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 510, p. 03012). EDP Sciences - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:


Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator