Bothrops osbornei FREIRE-LASCANO, 1991

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Higher Taxa	Viperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Bothrops osbornei FREIRE-LASCANO 1991 Bothrops osbornei — CARRERA et al. 2009 Bothrops osbornei — FENWICK et al. 2009 Bothrops osbornei — CARRASCO et al. 2012 Bothrops osbornei — WALLACH et al. 2014: 118
Distribution	Ecuador, NW Peru Type locality: "Sacramento, Canton Pallatanga, Provincia del Chimborazo" [Ecuador].
Reproduction	viviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022)
Types	Holotype: INHMT 1924 (Erroneously given as 1925 on cover)
Diagnosis
Comment	This species has been synonymized with B. punctata, e.g. by CAMPBELL & LAMAR 1992 and subsequent authors such as McDiarmid et al. 1999. Venomous!
Etymology	Probably named after Steven T. Osborne, an American who has bred snakes in captivity in Escondido in California for over 20 years.
References	Arteaga A, Pyron RA, Peñafiel N, Romero-Barreto P, Culebras J, Bustamante L, et al. 2016. Comparative Phylogeography Reveals Cryptic Diversity and Repeated Patterns of Cladogenesis for Amphibians and Reptiles in Northwestern Ecuador. PLoS One 11 (4): e0151746.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151746 - get paper here Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Campbell,J.A. & Lamar,W.W. 1992. Taxonomic status of miscellaneous Neotropical viperids, with the description of a new genus. Occ. Papers Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 153: 1-31 - get paper here Carrera, C. et al. 2009. Guía de Campo de los Pequeños Vertebrados del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (DMQ). Publicación Miscelánea N° 5. Serie de Publicaciones del Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales (MECN) – Fondo Ambiental del MDMQ. 1-89 pp. Imprenta Nuevo Arte. Quito-Ecuador. FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here Freire-Lascano, A. 1991. Dos Nuevas Especies de Bothrops en el Ecuador. Publ. Trab. Cient. Ecuador, Univ. Técn. Machala 2: 11 pp. McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp. Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here Valencia, J. H., K. Garzón-Tello & M. E. Barragán-Paladines 2016. Serpientes venenosas del Ecuador: sistemática, taxonomía, historia natural, conservación, envenenamiento y aspectos antropológicos. Quito, Ecuador, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés, Universidad de Texas, Fondo Ambiental Nacional, 652 pp. [review in HR 49 (1): 152, 2018] Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/reptiliaweb/FichaEspecie/Bothrops%20osbornei http://www.mesc.usgs.gov/resources/education/bts/impacts/herps.asp Google images

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