Charina umbratica KLAUBER, 1943

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Higher Taxa	Boidae (Charinaidae, Charininae), Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Southern Rubber Boa G: Nordamerikanische Gummi Boa, Rubber Boa
Synonym	Charina bottae umbratica KLAUBER 1943 Charina bottae umbratica — CROTHER 2000: 57 Charina umbratica — RODRÍGUEZ-ROBLES et al. 2001 Charina umbratica — CROTHER et al. 2012 Charina umbratica — WALLACH et al. 2014: 158 Charina umbratica — REYNOLDS & HENDERSON 2018: 29 Charina bottae umbratica — GRISMER et al. 2022
Distribution	USA (California) Type locality: "Fern Valley, near Idyllwild, Riverside County, California"
Reproduction
Types	Holotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 12101
Diagnosis
Comment	Synonymy partly after STEWART 1977 and KLUGE 1993.
References	Crother, B. I. 2000. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. Herpetological Circular 29: 1-82 Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92 Grismer, J., Scott, P., Toffelmier, E., Hinds, B., Klabacka, R., Stewart, G., ... & Shaffer, H. B. 2022. Genomic data reveal local endemism in Southern California Rubber Boas (Serpentes: Boidae, Charina) and the critical need for enhanced conservation actions. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 107542 Klauber, Laurence M. 1943. The subspecies of the rubbersnake, Charina. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 10 (7): 83-90 - get paper here Reynolds, R. Graham and Robert W. Henderson 2018. Boas of the World (Superfamily Booidae): A Checklist With Systematic, Taxonomic, and Conservation Assessments. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Sep 2018, Vol. 162, No. 1: 1-58. - get paper here Rodríguez-Robles, Javier A., Glenn R. Stewart and Theodore J. Papenfuss 2001. Mitochondrial DNA-Based Phylogeography of North American Rubber Boas, Charina bottae (Serpentes: Boidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 18 (2): 227–237 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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