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Epicrates alvarezi ABALOS, BAEZ & NADER, 1964

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Higher TaxaBoidae (Boinae), Henophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Argentinian Rainbow Boa
G: Argentinische Regenbogenboa 
SynonymEpicrates cenchria alvarezi ABALOS, BAEZ & NADER 1964: 218
Epicrates cenchria alvarezi — FREIBERG 1982
Epicrates cenchria alvarezi — MATTISON 2007: 151
Epicrates alvarezi — PASSOS & FERNANDES 2008
Epicrates alvarezi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 272
Epicrates alvarezi — REYNOLDS & HENDERSON 2018: 20 
DistributionN Argentina, SE Bolivia, W Paraguay (Chcao)

Type locality: Forres, Robles Department, Santiago Del Estero, Argentina.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: IAV (Instituto de Animales Venenosos Jorge Washington Abaloz), adult female, (collection number not given), collected on July 1, 1959 by Cástulo Salvatierra (specimen not examined). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Distinguished from all conti- nental Epicrates by having: (1) anterior dorsal scales rows . 40, (2) interrictals . 24, (3) gular scale rows . 10, (4) loreal divided, (5) juxtaposed prefrontals, (6) frontal reduced or absent, (7) symphysial-chinshields contact; (8) maximum length of inverted hemipenis six subcaudals long, (9) inverted hemipenis bi- furcates at 4th subcaudal, (10) dorsal ground color gray to grayish brown, (11) anterior portion of nasal bone short. Refer to Ta- bles 6–7 for additional diagnostic features of the continental Epicrates. 
CommentSynonymy mostly after PASSOS & FERNANDES 2008.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Antenor Alvarez (1864-1948), Argentinian physician, politician, and herpetologist. Among other positions, he was Governor of Santiago del Estero province (1912-1916). 
References
  • Abalos, J.W., Baez, E.C., & Nader, R. 1964. Serpientes de Santiago del Estero. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 20: 211-283
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • BRIGUERA, VERÓNICA; MARGARITA CHIARA VIGUO y MERCEDES GUTIÉRREZ. 1994. COMUNICACION QUIMICA EN LA BOA ARCO IRIS EPICRATES CENCHRIA ALVAREZI (SERPENTES, BOIDAE). Bol. Asoc. Herp. Argentina 10 (1): 10-11
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Freiberg, M.A. 1982. Snakes of South America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 189 pp. - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • Mense, Mark 2010. Welche Schlange für mich? Reptilia (Münster) 15 (86): 51-56 - get paper here
  • Passos, Paulo and Ronaldo Fernandes 2008. Revision of the Epicrates cenchria Complex (Serpentes: Boidae). Herpetological Monographs 22 (1): 1-30 - get paper here
  • Reynolds, R. Graham and Robert W. Henderson 2018. Boas of the World (Superfamily Booidae): A Checklist With Systematic, Taxonomic, and Conservation Assessments. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Sep 2018, Vol. 162, No. 1: 1-58. - get paper here
  • Rivera, P.C., Cola, V.D., Martı ́nez, J.J., Gardenal, C.N. and Chiaraviglio, M. 2011. Species Delimitation in the Continental Forms of the Genus Epicrates (Serpentes, Boidae) Integrating Phylogenetics and Environmental Niche Models. PLoS One 6 (9): e22199. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022199 - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Winchell, S. 2010. Die Reptilien Argentiniens. Reptilia (Münster) 15 (83): 20-27 - get paper here
 
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