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Erythrolamprus oligolepis (BOULENGER, 1905)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-de-Capim, Jararaquinha, Parelheira 
SynonymLiophis oligolepis BOULENGER 1905: 455
Liophis reginae semilineata — DIXON 1983: 3 (part.).
Leimadophis oligolepis — CUNHA & NASCIMENTO 1993
Liophis oligolepis — FROTA et al. 2005
Erythrolamprus oligolepis — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012: 21
Erythrolamprus oligolepis — PEREIRA FAGUNDES DE FRANCA et al. 2013
Liophis oligolepis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 391
Erythrolamprus reginae semilineata — SANTOS-COSTA et al. 2015
Erythrolamprus oligolepis — NATERA-MUMAW et al. 2015: 173
Erythrolamprus oligolepis — ASCENSO et al. 2019
Erythrolampus oligolepis — RABOSKY et al. 2019 (in error)
Erythrolamprus oligolepis — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia, Pará, Mato Grosso and Maranhão), Venezuela, Peru (Iquitos, Estirón and Loreto)

Type locality: “Igapé-Assu, Pará, Brazil.” Emended to Igarapé-Açu, Pará, Brazil fide Cunha & Nascimento (1993: 73).  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.4.66, juvenile male 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Erythrolamprus oligolepis can be distinguished from all congeners by unique combination of the following characters: (1) dorsal scales rows 15, without reduction at the midbody; (2) apical pit single; (3) ventrals 134–166 in females and 142–160 in males; (4) subcaudals 55–67 in females and 53–64 in males; (5) dorsal coloration of the head olive green, extending to anterior third of the body, gradually changing to grayish-brown at midbody; (6) upper edges of supralabials with distinctive dark postorbital stripe; (7) belly creamish-white usually without black spots, except for the specimens of the west margin of the Amazon River, which present a slight pigmentation; (8) lateral black spots extending from anterior third of the body, between 2–3th dorsal scale rows, to form a lateral stripe, which extends to the end of the tail; (9) subcaudals without dots or spots; (10) intrasulcal region of hemipenial body with spines slightly elongated, arranged in a row extending from distal region of lobes to the level of bifurcation of sulcus spermaticus; (11) medial region of asulcate face of hemipenial body ornamented with spinules homegeneously distributed; (12) sulcus spermaticus bifurcates at half length of the hemipenial body; and (13) small body size (SVL 114–392 mm) [from ASCENSO et al. 2019].


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CommentSynonymy partly after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970. Dixon 1983 placed Erythrolamprus oligolepis in the synonymy of Liophis reginae semilineata but CUNHA & NASCIMENTO 1993 revalidated it as Leimadophis oligolepis.

Habitat: forest 
EtymologyNamed after Greek oligos (ὀλίγος), little, small, insignificant + Greek lepis (λεπίς), scale; epithelial debris (Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • ASCENSO, ALEXANDRE C.; JOÃO C. L. COSTA, ANA L. C. PRUDENTE 2019. Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae). Zootaxa 4586 (1): 065–097 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1905. Descriptions of new snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 15 (89): 453-456 - get paper here
  • Costa, Henrique Caldeira & Renato Silveira Bérnils 2015. Répteis brasileiros: lista de espécies 2015. Herpetologia Brasileira 4 (3): 75-93
  • Cunha, O. R. da;Nascimento, F. P. do 1993. Ofidios da Amazonia. as cobras da regiao leste do Pará. Bol. Mus. Para.E. Goeldi 9: 1-191 - get paper here
  • Entiauspe-Neto, Omar M.; Arthur D. Abegg, Claudia Koch, Leroy P. Nuñez, Weverton S. Azevedo, Leandro J. C. L. Moraes, Arthur Tiutenko, Tatiane S. Bialves & Daniel Loebmann 2021. A new species of Erythrolamprus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontini) from the savannas of northern South America. Salamandra 57 (2): 196–218 - get paper here
  • Ferreira, A. S. 2021. Rapid survey of the herpetofauna of Estação Ecológica Alto Maués: a rarely accessed area in the Brazilian Amazonia. Biota Amazônia 11(1): 22-28 - get paper here
  • França, D.P.F.; M.A. Freitas; P.S. Bernarde; V.M. Uhlig. 2013. Erythrolamprus oligolepis (Boulenger, 1905) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae): First record for the state of Acre, Brazil. Check List 9 (3): 668-669 - get paper here
  • Frota, J.G. da; Pedroso dos Santos-Jr, Alfredo; Menezes-Chalkidis, H. de & Guimarães Guedes, A. 2005. AS SERPENTES DA REGIÃO DO BAIXO RIO AMAZONAS, OESTE DO ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL (SQUAMATA). Biociências 13 (2): 211-220 - get paper here
  • GONCALVES PEREIRA, A. J. C., AND R. BERNHARD 2020. Geographic Distribution: Erythrolamprus oligolepis. Brazil: Amazonas: Municipality of Tefé. Herpetological Review 51: 274.
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Rabosky, Daniel L.; Rudolf von May, Michael C. Grundler and Alison R. Davis Rabosky 2019. The Western Amazonian Richness Gradient for Squamate Reptiles: Are There Really Fewer Snakes and Lizards in Southwestern Amazonian Lowlands? Diversity 11: 199; doi:10.3390/d11100199 - get paper here
  • Santos-Costa, Maria Cristina dos; Gleomar Fabiano Maschio, Ana Lúcia da Costa Prudente 2015. Natural history of snakes from Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, eastern Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 8: 69-98 - get paper here
  • Vaz-Silva, W.; RM Oliveira, AFN Gonzaga, KC Pinto, FC Poli, TM Bilce, M Penhacek, L Wronski, JX Martins, TG Junqueira, LCC, Cesca VY, Guimarães RD. Pinheiro 2015. Contributions to the knowledge of amphibians and reptiles from Volta Grande do Xingu, northern Brazil Braz. J. Biol., 75 (3) (suppl.): S205-S218 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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