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Holbrookia subcaudalis AXTELL, 1956

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Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Phrynosomatinae, Callisaurini; Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Southern Earless Lizard, Southern Spot-tailed Earless Lizard
S: Lagartija Sorda Meridional 
SynonymHolbrookia lacerata subcaudalis AXTELL 1956
Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis — LINER et al. 1993
Holbrookia subcaudalis — LINER 1994
Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis — LINER 2007
Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis — ROELKE et al. 2018
Holbrookia subcaudalis — HIBBITTS et al. 2019
Holbrookia subcaudalis — BASSETT & PANDELIS 2024
Holbrookia subcaudalis — FIRNENO et al. 2024 
DistributionMexico (Tamaulipas ?, N Nuevo Leon), USA (Texas)

Type locality: "In plowed field 4.8 miles east northeast (27° 36' N, 97° 45' W) of Bishop, Nueces County, Texas. Elevation 75 feet."  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: TNHC 20,000, adult male (R. Axtell, pers. comm., 21 May 2014) 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (784 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: Not in Coahuila fide Lazcano et al. 2019. 
EtymologyThe name subcaudalis, from the Latin sub = "below," and cauda "tail," refers to the distinctive subcaudal dark spots which are characteristic of this species. The common name, spot-tailed earless lizard, refers to this same character. 
References
  • Axtell, Ralph W. 1956. A solution to the long neglected Holbrookia lacerata problem, and the description of two new subspecies of Holbrookia. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 10 (11): 163-179
  • Bassett, L., & Pandelis, G. 2024. Updated geographic distributions for Texas reptiles. Reptiles & Amphibians, 31(1): e21492-e21492 - get paper here
  • Collins, J.T. and T. W. Taggart 2009. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Sixth Edition. Center for North American Herpetology, 48 pp.
  • Duran M 2021. An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island, Texas, USA, with comparisons to adjacent barrier island and mainland herpetofauna. ZooKeys 1073: 119-175 - get paper here
  • Eversole, C. B., Ayala, R., Rangel, E. D., & Henke, S. E. 2024. Cloudy with a Chance of Survival: Simulating the Effects of Climate, Habitat, and Management on the Population Viability of an At-Risk Lizard Species. Global Ecology and Conservation, e03179 - get paper here
  • Firneno, T. J., Roelke, C. E., Leaché, A. D., Rains, N. D., Hibbitts, T. J., Ryberg, W. A., Laduc, T. J., Singhal, S., & Fujita, M. K. 2024. Genome-wide data reinforces the evolutionary relationships of previously problematic earless lizards (Phyrnosomatidae: Holbrookia). Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists - get paper here
  • HIBBITTS, TOBY J.; WADE A. RYBERG, JOHANNA A. HARVEY, GARY VOELKER, A. MICHELLE LAWING, CONNOR S. ADAMS, DALTON B. NEUHARTH, DREW E. DITTMER, C. MICHAEL DURAN, BRAD D. WOLAVER, JON PAUL PIERRE, BENJAMIN J. LABAY, TRAVIS J. LADUC 2019. Phylogenetic structure of Holbrookia lacerata (Cope 1880) (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae): one species or two? Zootaxa 4619 (1): - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, J.A. & Smith, H.M. 2007. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Coahuila, Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 550 pp.
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A.;Montanucci, Richard R.;González-Alonso, Arturo;Mendoza Quijano, Fernando 1993. An additional contribution to the herpetology of Northern Coahuila, Mexico. Bol. Soc. Herpetol. Mex. 5 (1): 9-11 - get paper here
  • Maldonado, Jose A. 2022. Signatures of Genome Evolution in Two Divergent Lizard Species from Texas. PhD thesis, UTA, - get paper here
  • Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Manuel, David Lazcano, Elí García-Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The Herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: Composition, Distribution, and Conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 558–638 - get paper here
  • Rangel, E. D. 2023. Identifying Best Practices to Survey for Spot-Tailed Earless Lizards. MSc thesis, TAMU - get paper here
  • Rangel, E. D., Henke, S. E., Ayala, R. A., & Eversole, C. B. 2024. A Comprehensive Review of the Ecology and Conservation Status of Spottailed Earless Lizards (Holbrookia lacerata and Holbrookia subcaudalis). Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science, 2, 1412860 - get paper here
  • Roelke, Corey E.; Jose A. Maldonado, Blake W. Pope, Thomas J. Firneno Jr, Travis J. Laduc, Toby J. Hibbitts, Wade A. Ryberg, Nathan D. Rains & Matthew K. Fujita 2018. Mitochondrial genetic variation within and between Holbrookia lacerata lacerata and Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis, the spot-tailed earless lizards of Texas. Journal of Natural History 52: 1017-1027
 
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