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Indotestudo forstenii (SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER, 1844)

IUCN Red List - Indotestudo forstenii - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaTestudinidae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Travancore Tortoise, Forsten’s Tortoise, Celebes Tortoise
F: Tortue De Tranvancore, Tortue Des Celèbes
S: Tortuga Marrón De La India
Indonesian: baning sulawes, kura kura hutan sulawesi 
SynonymTestudo forstenii SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER 1844 (in TEMMINCK)
Testudo forsteni — DE ROOIJ 1915: 307
Geochelone forsteni — PRITCHARD 1967
Indotestudo forstenii — BOUR 1980
Indotestudo elongata forsteni — OBST 1985
Indotestudo forstenii — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 244
Indotestudo forstenii — DAS 1996: 39
Indotestudo forstenii — MCCORD & JOSEPH-OUNI 2004
Indotestudo forstenii — TTWG 2014
Indotestudo forstenii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionIndonesia (introduced on Celebes = Sulawesi and Halmahera)

Type locality: "Gilolo" (= Halmahera Island), Moluccas, Indonesia.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesLectotype: RMNH 3811, designated by Hoogmoed and Crumly 1984:245. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1546 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIndotestudo (elongata) travancorica has been considered as a synonym of T. forstenii previously but is now treated as a full species. Distribution not corrected for removal of travancorica.

Distribution: previously reported from SW India (Karnataka, Kerala), but now restricted to Sulawesi (TTWG 2021: 283). 
EtymologyNamed after Eltio Alegondas Forsten (1811-1843), a botanist who collected in the East Indies. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bonin, F., Devaux, B. & Dupré, A. 2006. Turtles of the World. English translation by P.C.H. Pritchard. Johns Hopkins University Press, 416 pp.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1907. A new tortoise from Travancore. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 17: 560-564. - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 1980. Essai sur la taxinomie des Testudinidae actuels (Reptilia, Chelonii). Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat. Paris (4) 2 (2): 541-546
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Hoogmoed, M.S., and C.R. Crumly. 1984. Land tortoise types in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire with comments on nomenclature and systematics (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Zoologische Mededelingen 58(15): 241-259. - get paper here
  • Iverson, John B., Phillip Q. Spinks, H. Bradley Shaffer, William P. McCord and Indraneil Das 2001. Phylogenetic relationships among the Asian tortoises of the genus Indotestudo (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). Hamadryad 26 (2):271-274 - get paper here
  • Ives, I.; Spinks, P.Q. & Shaffer, H.B. 2008. Morphological and genetic variation in the endangered Sulawesi tortoise Indotestudo forstenii: evidence of distinct lineages? Conservation Genetics 9:709–713 - get paper here
  • Ives, Ian E.; Steven G. Platt, Johny S. Tasirin, Iwan Hunowu, Stephan Siwu, and Thomas R. Rainwater 2008. Field Surveys, Natural History Observations, and Comments on the Exploitation and Conservation of Indotestudo forstenii, Leucocephalon yuwonoi, and Cuora amboinensis in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7(2): 240 - get paper here
  • Koch, A. 2012. Discovery, Diversity, and Distribution of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Sulawesi and its offshore islands. Edition Chimaira, 374 pp. [ISBN 978-3-89973-432-4] - get paper here
  • Koch, André, Evy A. Arida and Wolfgang Böhme 2007. Zwischenbericht über die Herpetofauna Sulawesis unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Gattung Varanus: phylogeographische Beziehungen zu angrenzenden Gebieten. Elaphe 15 (3):42-52
  • Lourenço, João M.; Julien Claude, Nicolas Galtier, Ylenia Chiari 2011. Dating cryptodiran nodes: Origin and diversification of the turtle superfamily Testudinoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2004. Chelonian Illustrations #13: Asian and Indonesian Tortoises. Reptilia (GB) (33): 35-38 - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • Platt, Steven G.; Lee, Robert J.; Klemens, Michael W. 2001. Notes on the Distribution, Life History, and Exploitation of Turtles in Sulawesi, Indonesia, with Emphasis on Indotestudo forstenii and Leucocephalon yuwonoi. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4(1):154-159.
  • Pritchard, P.C.H. 1979. Encyclopedia of Turtles. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune, New Jersey: 895 p.
  • Pritchard, Peter C. H. 2000. Indotestudo travancorica...A Valid Species of Tortoise? Reptile & Amphibian Hobbyist 5(2):18-28.
  • Radhakrishnan, C. 1998. Additional record of the travancore tortoise, Indotestudo forstenii (Schlegel & Muller) (Testudinidae: Reptilia) in Kerala. Cobra 34 (Oct.-Dec.): 19-20
  • Sanz, A. 2007. Care and captive breeding of Forsten’s Tortoise, Indotestudo forstenii. Reptilia (GB) (51): 47-53 - get paper here
  • Schlegel,H. & Müller,S. 1845. Over de Schildpadden van den Indischen Archipel. In: Temminck,V. (1839-1847) Verhandelingen over de natuurlijke geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen, door de leden der Natuurkundige Commisie in Oost-Indie en andere schrijvers. Leijden folio. Afd. 1 Zoologie in 12 afleveringen, met - get paper here
  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Vlachos, E. and Rabi, M. 2018. Total evidence analysis and body size evolution of extant and extinct tortoises (Testudines: Cryptodira: Pan-Testudinidae). Cladistics 34: 652–683, doi:10.1111/cla.12227 - get paper here
  • Wanger, T. C., I. Motzke, S. Saleh & D. T. Iskandar 2011. The amphibians and reptiles of the Lore Lindu National Park area, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Salamandra 47 (1): 17-29 - get paper here
 
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