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Otosaurus cumingii GRAY, 1845

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Cuming's Sphenomorphus 
SynonymOtosaurus cumingi GRAY 1845: 93
Euprepes otus PETERS 1867: 141
Lygosoma (Otosaurus) cumingi — BOULENGER 1887: 249
Lygosoma (Otosaurus) cumingi — DE ROOIJ 1915: 166
Otosaurus cumingii — TAYLOR 1923
Sphenomorphus cumingi — GREER & PARKER 1967: 2
Sphenomorphus cumingi — BROWN & ALCALA 1980: 193
Sphenomorphus cumungi — BROWN et al. 1995: 14 (in error)
Sphenomorphus cumingi — BROWN et al. 2000
Sphenomorphus cumingi — LINKEM et al. 2010
Sphenomorphus cumingi — MCLEOD et al. 2011
Otosaurus cumingi — LINKEM, DIESMOS & BROWN 2011
Otosaurus cumingii — CHAPPLE et al. 2021
Otosaurus cumingii — CHAPPLE et al. 2021
Otosaurus cumingi — MENESES et al. 2022 
DistributionPhilippines (Mindanao, Bohol, Dinagat, Luzon, Mindoro, Calotcot, Sibuyan, Sicogon)

Type locality: Philippines  
Reproduction 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.8.19.43-44 (formerly xv.57a-b, 37.7.29.54-55), collected H. Cuming. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Otosaurus is diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) body large and robust, with adults being longer than 115 mm SVL; (2) large supranasal scales in contact medially, occluding fron- tonasal contact with the rostral; and (3) supraoculars seven or eight [LINKEM, DIESMOS & BROWN 2011]. 
CommentDistribution: not on Panay (M. Gaulke, pers. comm., 26 Dec 2012).

Type species: Otosaurus cumingi GRAY 1845 is the type species of the genus Otosaurus GRAY 1845. 
EtymologyNamed after Hugh Cuming (1791-1865), an English naturalist and conchologist. See Beolens et al. 2011: 60 for more details. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Brown, R.M. et al. 2010. Species boundaries in Philippine montane forest skinks (Genus Sphenomorphus): three new species from the mountains of Luzon and clarification of the status of the poorly known S. beyeri, S. knollmanae, and S. laterimaculatus. Scient. Pap. Nat. Hist. Mus. Univ. Kansas (42): 1-27
  • Brown, R.M.; C.H. Oliveros; C.D. Siler; J.B. Fernandez; L.J. Welton; P.A.C. Buenavente; M.L.L. Diesmos; A.C. Diesmos 2012. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island (Philippines), VII: Herpetofauna of Ilocos Norte Province, Northern Cordillera Mountain Range. Check List 8(3):469-490 - get paper here
  • Brown, R.M.; McGuire, J.A.; Ferner,J.W.; Icarangal Jr., N. & Kennedy, R.S. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles of Luzon island, II: preliminary report on the herptofauna of Aurora Memorial national Park, Philippines. Hamadryad 25 (2): 175-195 - get paper here
  • Brown, Rafe M.; Ferner, John W.; Sison, Rogelio V.; Gonzales, Pedro C.; Kennedy, Robert S. 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of the Zambales Mountains of Luzon Island, Republic of the Philippines. Herpetological Natural History 4 (1): 1-22
  • Brown, WC. & A.C. ALCALA 1980. Philippine Lizards of the family Scincidae. Silliman Univ. Nat. Sci., Dumaguete City, Mon., Ser. 2: i-xi + 1-246.
  • Brown,R.M. & Ferner,J.W. & Sison,R.V. 1995. Rediscovery and redescription of Sphenomorphus beyeri Taylor (Reptilia: Lacertilia: Scincidae) from the Zambales Mountains of Luzon, Philippines. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 108 (1): 6-17 - get paper here
  • Brown; Rafe; Cameron Siler, Carl Oliveros, Luke Welton, Ashley Rock, John Swab, Merlijn Van Weerd, Jonah van Beijnen, Dominic Rodriguez, Edmund Jose, Arvin Diesmos 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VIII: the herpetofauna of Cagayan and Isabela Provinces, northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range. ZooKeys 266 (2013) Special Issue: 1-120<br />doi: 10.3897/zookeys.266.3982 - get paper here
  • Chapple, David G; Roll, Uri; Böhm, Monika; Aguilar, Rocío Amey, Andrew P Austin, Chris C Baling, Marleen Barley, Anthony J Bates, Michael F Bauer, Aaron M Blackburn, Daniel G Bowles, Phil Brown, Rafe M Chandramouli, S R Chirio, Laurent Cogger, Hal Co 2021. Conservation Status of the World’s Skinks (Scincidae): Taxonomic and Geographic Patterns in Extinction Risk. Biological Conservation 257: 109101 - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Del Prado, Y.L.C., Pili, A.N., Caguimbal, N.A.L.E., Uy, C.M.C., Apo, D.M.P., Ayuste, N.M., De Castro, K.M.M., Supelan, P.N.K., Diesmos, A.C. & Diesmon, M.L.L. 2018. Otosaurus cumingi (Philippine Giant Forest Skink) Nest Site and Environmentally cued hatching. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 119-120. - get paper here
  • DEVAN-SONG, Anne and Rafe M. BROWN 2012. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VI: The Herpetofauna of the Subic Bay Area. Asian Herpetological Research 3 (1): 1–20 - get paper here
  • Ferner, John W., Rafe M. Brown, Rogelio V. Sison and Robert S. Kennedy 2000. The amphibians and reptiles of Panay Island, Philippines. Asiatic Herpetological Research 9: 1-37 - get paper here
  • Gojo-Cruz, Paul Henric P. and Leticia E. Afuang 2018. The Zoogeographic Significance of Caraballo Mountain Range, Luzon Island, Philippines With Focus on the Biogeography of Luzon’s Herpetofauna. Philippine Journal of Science 147 (3): 393-409 - get paper here
  • GOJO-CRUZ, Paul Henric P.; Leticia E. AFUANG, Juan Carlos T. GONZALEZ and William SM. GRUEZO 2018. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines: the Herpetofauna of Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed, Nueva Ecija Province, Caraballo Mountain Range. Asian Herpetological Research 9(4): 201–223 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • Greer,A.E. & PARKER,F. 1967. A second skink with fragmented head scales from Bougainville, Solomon Islands. Breviora (279): 1-12 - get paper here
  • Lagat, R.D. 2009. A TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT OF LIZARDS ALONG ESTABLISHED TRAILS IN MTS. PALAY-PALAY MATAAS-NA-GULOD PROTECTED LANDSCAPE, LUZON ISLAND, PHILIPPINES. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 3: 17-28 - get paper here
  • Lagat, Ronaldo D. and Rubie M. Causaren 2019. Initial terrestrial vertebrate diversity assessment in upland Cavite, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 12 (2): 70-91 - get paper here
  • Linkem, C.W.; Diesmos, A.C.; Brown, R.M. 2010. A NEW SPECIES OF SCINCID LIZARD (GENUS SPHENOMORPHUS) FROM PALAWAN ISLAND, PHILIPPINES. Herpetologica 66 (1): 67–79 - get paper here
  • Linkem, Charles W.; Arvin C. Diesmos, Rafe M. Brown 2011. Molecular systematics of the Philippine forest skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Sphenomorphus): testing morphological hypotheses of interspecific relationships. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 1217–1243 - get paper here
  • MCLEOD, David S.; Cameron D. SILER, Arvin C. DIESMOS, Mae L. DIESMOS, Vhon S. GARCIA, Angela O. ARKONCEO, Kelvin L. BALAQUIT, Charlene C. UY, Mariden M. VILLASERAN, Earle C. YARRA, Rafe M. BROWN 2011. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, V: The Herpetofauna of Angat Dam Watershed, Bulacan Province, Luzon Island, Philippines. Asian Herpetological Research 2 (4): 177–198 - get paper here
  • Meneses CG, Siler CD, Alviola PA, Gonzalez JCT, Balatibat JB, Natividad CA, Brown RM 2022. Amphibian and reptile diversity along a ridge-to-reef elevational gradient on a small isolated oceanic island of the central Philippines. Check List 18(5): 941-948 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1867 (Januar): 13-37 - get paper here
  • Sanguila MB, Cobb KA, Siler CD, Diesmos AC, Alcala AC, Brown RM 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. ZooKeys 624: 1–132, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.624.9814 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E. H. 1923. Additions to the herpetological fauna of the Philippine Islands, III. Philippine Journal of Science, 22: 515—557 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1922. The lizards of the Philippine Islands. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bureau of Science, Government of the Philippine Islands, Manila, Publication no. 17: 269 pp. - get paper here
 
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