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Ptyas major (GÜNTHER, 1858)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Chinese Green Snake
G: Chinesische Grünnatter, Chinesische Grasnatter
Vietnamese: Ran dai lon
Chinese: 翠青蛇 
SynonymCyclophis major GÜNTHER 1858: 120
Cyclophis major — GÜNTHER 1864: 230
Herpetodryas chloris HALLOWELL 1861: 503
Cyclophis major — GÜNTHER 1888: 170
Ablabes major — BOETTGER 1894: 140
Ablabes major — BOULENGER 1894: 279
Entechinus major — COPE 1895
Liopeltis major — STEJNEGER 1907: 338
Liopeltis major — BARBOUR 1912: 130
Coluber delacouri SMITH 1930: 681
Liopeltis major bicarinata MAKI 1931
Eurypholis major — POPE 1935
Liopeltis major major — BOURRET 1935: 7
Opheodrys major — SMITH 1943: 178
Entechinus major — CUNDALL 1981
Opheodrys major — MEHRTENS 1987: 197
Liopeltis major — WELCH 1988
Entechinus major — WELCH 1988
Cyclophiops major — OTA 1991
Cyclophiops major — ZIEGLER et al. 2006
Cyclophiops major — WALLACH et al. 2014: 202
Ptyas major — FIGUEROA et al. 2016
Cyclophiops major — GUO et al. 2022
Cyclophiops major — WANG et al. 2022 
DistributionS China (Hong, Kong, Hainan, northward to Henan and Gansu, Yunnan),
Taiwan, N Vietnam, Laos

Type locality: Ningpo, China  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesType: unknown (Sang et al. 2009)
Holotype: NSM H02569 [bicarinata]
Holotype: USNM 7335 [Herpetodryas chloris] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1691 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Entechinus major is the type species of the genus Entechinus COPE 1895.

Behavior: diurnal.

Synonymy: partly fide WALLACH et al. 2014: 200.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
References
  • Barbour, Thomas 1909. Notes on Amphibia and Reptilia from Eastern Asia. Proc. New England zool. Club 4: 53-78, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1912. Some Chinese Vertebrates: Amphibia and Reptilia. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy 40 (4): 125-136 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1894. Materialien zur herpetologischen Fauna von China. III. Liste der von der Insel Hainan bekannten Kriechtiere. Ber. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges.: 129-152 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1894. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, xi, 382 pp. - get paper here
  • Bourret,R. 1935. Notes herpétologiques sur l'Indochine Française X. Les serpents de la station d’altitude du Tam-dao. Bull. Gen. Instr. Pub. Hanoi 8 (avril): 259-271 (1-13)
  • Deuve, J. 1961. Liste annotee des Serpents du Laos. Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Laos 1:5-32.
  • Figueroa A, McKelvy AD, Grismer LL, Bell CD, Lailvaux SP 2016. A Species-Level Phylogeny of Extant Snakes with Description of a New Colubrid Subfamily and Genus. PLoS One 11 (9): e0161070.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161070 - get paper here
  • Francis, A. 2021. A field guide to the snakes of Hong Kong. Regal Printing, Hong Kong - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine snakes of the British Museum. London, I - XVI, 1 - 281 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1888. On a collection of reptiles from China. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 1: 165-172 - get paper here
  • Hallowell, E. 1861. Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 [1860]: 480 - 510 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Kunz, Kriton 2015. Schlangen, die Wirbellose fressen. Terraria-Elaphe 2015 (5): 14-20 - get paper here
  • Maki, M. 1931. Monograph of the Snakes of Japan. Dai-ichi Shobo, Tokyo. (1), 7, 240 pages (expanded edition 1933)
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Mell,R. 1931. List of Chinese snakes. Lingnan Sci. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219.
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • Pope, CLIFFORD H. 1935. The Reptiles of China. Turtes, Crocodilians, Snakes, Lizards. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, Nat. Hist. Central Asia, 10: lii, 1-604 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1930. Two new Snakes from Tonkin, Indo-China. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 6: 681-683 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1910. The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 38: 91-114 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, L. 1925. Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the United States National Museum. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 66 (2562): 1-115. - get paper here
  • Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here
  • Toriba, M. 1993. Present location of the type specimens described by Maki. The Snake 25: 71-72
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
  • Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. 2022. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 22090 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp.
  • Zhao,E. & Adler,K. 1993. Herpetology of China. SSAR, Oxford/Ohio, 1-522
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Annemarie Ohler; Vu Ngoc Thanh; Le Khac Quyet; Nguyen Xuan Thuan; Dinh Huy Tri & Bui Ngoc Thanh 2006. Review of the amphibian and reptile diversity of Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park and adjacent areas, central Truong Son, Vietnam. Herpetologica Bonnensis II: 247-262 - get paper here
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Dao Thi Anh Tran, Truong Quang Nguyen, Ronith Gila Bina Perl, Lea Wirk, Magdalena Kulisch, Tanja Lehmann, Anna Rauhaus, Tao Thien Nguyen, Quyet Khac Le and Thanh Ngoc Vu. 2014. New amphibian and reptile records from Ha Giang Province, northern Vietnam. Herpetology Notes 7: 185-201 - get paper here
  • ZIEGLER, THOMAS; RALF HENDRIX, VU NGOC THANH, MARTINA VOGT, BERNHARD FORSTER & DANG NGOC KIEN 2007. The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key. Zootaxa 1493: 1-40 - get paper here
 
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