Sphaerodactylus vincenti BOULENGER, 1891

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Higher Taxa	Sphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies	Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus BARBOUR 1915 Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer BARBOUR 1921 Sphaerodactylus vincenti paulmarinae BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti BOULENGER 1891
Common Names	E: Windward Geckolet, Central Lesser Antillean sphaero, Vincent's Least Gecko
Synonym	Sphaerodactylus vincenti BOULENGER 1891: 354 Sphaerodactylus vincenti — COCHRAN 1934: 13 Sphaerodactylus vincenti — KING 1962: 30 Sphaerodactylus vincenti — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 544 Sphaerodactylus vincenti — KLUGE 1993 Sphaerodactylus vincenti — RÖSLER 2000: 114 Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas SCHWARTZ 1964: 397 Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 194 Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — BREUIL 1999 Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas — BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus SCHWARTZ 1964: 404 Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 194 Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus BARBOUR 1915 Sphaerodactylus festus BARBOUR 1915: 73 Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus — KING 1962: 30 Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus — BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus festus — HEDGES et al. 2019 Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae SCHWARTZ 1964: 395 Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195 Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae — BREUIL 1999 Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer BARBOUR 1921 Sphaerodactylus monilifer BARBOUR 1921: 271 Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer — SCHWARTZ 1965 Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195 Sphaerodactylus vincenti paulmarinae BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus SCHWARTZ 1964: 401 Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195 Sphaerodactylus vincenti cf. pheristus — BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius SCHWARTZ 1964: 398 Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 195 Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius — BREUIL 2013 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi SCHWARTZ 1964 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — BREUIL 1999 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — LECLAIR & LECLAIR 2011 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — POWELL & HENDERSON 2012 Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi — BREUIL 2013
Distribution	Antilles: Martinique, St. Lucia, Dominica, St. Vincent vincenti: St. Vincent. Type locality: St. Vincent. adamas: Rocher de Diamant off the southern tip of Martinique. Type locality: Rocher de Diamant, Martinique. diamesus: Vigie Beach, Casties Quarter, St. Lucia. Type locality: Vigie Beach, Castries Quarter, St. Lucia. festus: Martinique; leeward coast (Fort-de-France to 1 km NW Schoelcher), and inland to vicinity of Didier and St.-Joseph. Type locality: Martinique; restricted to Fort-de-France, Martinique, by Barbour, 1921, josephinae: southwestern peninsula of Martinique. Type locality: Habitation Dizac, 1.5 km W Le Diamant, Martinique. monilifer: Dominica. Type locality: Dominica. paulmarinae: Martinique; Type locality: “au sud du Point de vue de l’Anse Galet à 150 m d’altitude” pheristus: northeastern interior of Martinique; intergrades with S. v. ronaldi on north coast. Type locality: 6 km SW Ajoupa-Bouillon, 1600 ft., Martinique. psammius: extreme southwestern Martinique. Type locality: 5 km S Ste.-Anne, Grande Anse des Salines, Martinique. ronaldi: eastern coast of Martinique; intergrades with S. v. pheristus. Type locality: 3 km NE Tartane, Martinique.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.26.38-48 Holotype: MCZ 77130 [adamas] Holotype: MCZ 77075 [diamesus] Holotype: MCZ 10622 [festus] Holotype: MCZ 77057 [josephinae] Holotype: MCZ 10786 [monilifer] Holotype: MNHN-RA 2000.6368, adult female; paratypes: MNHN-RA [paulmarinae] Holotype: MCZ 77074 [pheristus] Holotype: MCZ 77064 [psammius] Holotype: MCZ 77089 [ronaldi]
Diagnosis
Comment	For illustrations see Barbour, 1921; King, 1962; Schwartz, 1964. Synonymy: the MCZ catalogue lists Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi as a synonym of Sphaerodactylus fantasticus karukera.
Etymology	Named after the island of St. Vincent. S. v. adamas was named after Greek άδάνας, or Latin: adamas, ‘diamond’, in reference to the distribution of this species on Rocher du Diamant, Martinique (Fretey 2023). S. v. josephinae was named after Joséphine de Beauharnais, whose birthplace at La Pagerie [Martinique] lies within the range of this subspecies (Schwartz 1965). S. v. paulmarinae was named after Paul and Marine Breuil, the children of Michel Breuil, the author of this taxon (Fretey 2023). S. v. pheristus was named after Greek φέριστος, η, ον, ‘the bravest, the strongest, the best’ (Fretey 2023). S. v. psammius was named after Greek from ψάμμος, ‘sand’, ψάμμιος, α, ον, ‘of the sand’ (Fretey 2023). S. v. ronaldi was named after American herpetologist Ronald Francis Klinikowski (1939–2008) (Fretey 2023).
References	Barbour, T. 1915. Recent notes regarding West Indian reptiles and amphibians. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28: 71-78 - get paper here Barbour, T. 1921. Sphaerodactylus. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. (Harvard) 47: 215-282. - get paper here Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Boulenger, G. A. 1891. On reptiles, batrachians, and fishes from the lesser West Indies. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1891: 351-357. - get paper here Breuil, Michel 1999. Atlas des Amphibiens et Reptiles de Martinique. Parc Naturel Régional de la Martinique Breuil, Michel 2013. Composition et endémisme de l’herpétofaune martiniquaise : histoire géologique et différenciation intra-insulaire du sphérodactyle. Biodiversité insulaire, la flore, la faune et l’homme dans les Petites Antilles, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, pp. 116-129; <br />ISBN 978-2-9545484-0-1 Cochran, D. M. 1934. Herpetological collections from the West Indies made by Dr. Paul Bartsch under The Walter Rathbone Bacon Scholarship, 1928-1930. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 92 (7): 1-48. - get paper here Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53 King, W. 1962. Systematics of Lesser Antillean lizards of the genus Sphaerodactylus. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 7:1-52 - get paper here Lazell, J. 1994. A new Sphaerodactylus (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Bequia, Grenada Bank, Lesser Antilles. Breviora (496):1-20. - get paper here Leclair, Raymond and Maria Helena Leclair 2011. Life-History Traits in a Population of the Dwarf Gecko, Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi, from a Xerophytic Habitat in Martinique, West Indies. Copeia 2011 (4): 566-576. - get paper here Malhotra, A. & Thorpe, R.S. 1999. Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean. MacMillan, London & Oxford Malhotra, Anita; Thorpe, Roger S.; Hypolite, Eric; James, Arlington. 2007. A report on the status of the herpetofauna of the Commonwealth of Dominica, West Indies. Applied Herpetology 4 (2):177-194 - get paper here Marcum, M.A.; Powell, M.A.; Muensch, A.J.; Arnold, H.F. & Powell, R. 2008. Social behaviour of the dwarf gecko Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti on St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles. Salamandra 44 (1): 15-22 - get paper here Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153 Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp. Schwartz, Albert 1964. A review of Sphaerodactylus vincenti on the Southern Windward Islands. Carib. J. Sci. 4 (2/3): 391-409 Steinberg, D. S., J. L. Hite, R. Powell and R. W. Henderson. 2008. Sphaerodactylus vincenti. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (853): 1-6 - get paper here Steinberg, D.S., S.D. Powell, R. Powell, J.S. Parmerlee, jr. & R.W. Henderson 2007. Population densities, water-loss rates, and diets of Sphaerodactylus vincenti on St. Vincent, West Indies Journal of Herpetology 41 (2): 330-336. - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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