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Trachylepis quinquetaeniata (LICHTENSTEIN, 1823)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Mabuyinae (Mabuyini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesTrachylepis quinquetaeniata quinquetaeniata (LICHTENSTEIN 1823)
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata riggenbachi (STERNFELD 1917)
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata scharica (STERNFELD 1917) 
Common NamesE: African Five-lined Skink, Rainbow Mabuya 
SynonymScincus quinquetaeniatus LICHTENSTEIN 1823: 103
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — FITZINGER 1826: 52
Euprepes savignyi DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 677 (fide MAUSFELD et al. 2002)
Trachylepis savignyi — FITZINGER 1843
Euprepes savignii — GRAVENHORST 1851: 329
Eupressis quinquetaeniatus — BLANFORD 1870: 456
Euprepes quinquetaeniatus — BOETTGER 1880
Mabuia quinquetaeniata — BOULENGER 1887: 198
Mabuia quinquetaeniata scharica STERNFELD 1917
Mabuia albilabris — CHABANAUD 1917 (part.)
Mabuia semicollaris WERNER 1917: 33 (?, HALLERMANN, pers. comm.)
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — SCHMIDT 1919: 545
Mabuia quinquetaeniata — CALABRESI 1923
Mabuya quinquetaeniata quinquetaeniata — LOVERIDGE 1936: 68
Mabuya quinquetaeniata quinquetaeniata — DREWES 1972
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — KAHL et al. 1980: 170
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — GREER et al. 2000
Euprepis quinquetaeniatus — MAUSFELD et al. 2002
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — BONETTI 2002: 158
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata — BAUER 2003
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Mabuya quinquetaeniata — LARGEN & SPAWLS 2010: 399
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata — ALLEN et al. 2017
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 146
Trachylepis quinquetaeniata — BEHANGANA et al. 2023

Trachylepis quinquetaeniata riggenbachi (STERNFELD 1917)
Mabuia quinquetaeniata riggenbachi STERNFELD 1917
Mabuya riggenbachi — BAUER et al. 2003

Trachylepis quinquetaeniata scharica (STERNFELD 1917)
Mabuia quinquetaeniata scharica STERNFELD 1917: 436
Mabuia intermedia CHABANAUD 1917 (fide BRYGOO 1985)
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — LAURENT 1947: 9
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — CANSDALE 1951
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — LAURENT 1958: 118
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — PAPENFUSS 1969
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — HOOGMOED 1974: 45
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — HOOGMOED 1980
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — CHIRIO & INEICH 2000
Mabuya quinquetaeniata scharica — JOGER & LAMBERT 2002 
DistributionAlgeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire), Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea (Conakry), Kenya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Republic of South Sudan (RSS), Sudan (Jumhūriyyat), Tanzania, Togo, Uganda

Introduced to Florida (USA)

scharica: Senegal, Benin, Ghana etc.; Type locality: Fort Auchambault, Tschad-Gebiet, Zentral-Afrika;

Type locality: Egypt and Nubia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZMB 1233-1236, Nubia; additional syntypes apparently in ZSM 771/0/1-2, two adults, from "Aegypt., Nubia", collected by F.W. Hemprich, C.G. Ehrenberg, 1820-1821.
Lectotype: SMF 14271, designated by Mertens (1967); Paratypes and paralectotypes in ZFMK 41350, 41351, ZMH, ZMB [scharica]
Holotype: ZMB 20786 [riggenbachi] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Medium-sized to large lizards with cylindrical bodies, strong, well developed limbs, the digits 5-5, and medium-sized tails. Cycloid scales underlaid by bony plates (osteodermes). Dorsals keeled (with only very few exceptions where the dorsals are smooth). Dorsals and ventrals similar to each other; no distinct boundary between gulars and ventrals. Palatine bones in contact in the median; palatal notch separating the pterygoids, extending forwards to between the centres of the eyes. Pterygoid teeth present or absent. Dorsal head scales mostly flat and subimbricate, with a pair of supranasals, and prefrontals and frontoparietals paired or fused. Most posterior supraocular contacted by the frontal is the third. Secondary temporals are in contact or separated by anteriorly encroaching tertiary temporal. Nostril pierced in a single nasal. Eyelids movable; lower eyelid with an undivided, semitransparent disc, bordered below directly by one (or more) supralabial(s). Pupil round. Ear opening relatively small, with tympanum recessed in moderately deep auditory meatus. Teeth relatively small, pleurodont; tongue wide, lanceolate, covered with irregularly shaped papillae, its tip feebly nicked. Femoral pores absent. 26–27 presacral vertebrae. [from MAUSFELD et al. 2002 who called this text a “description”, not diagnosis]. 
CommentType species: Euprepes savignyi DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839 is the type species of the genus Trachylepis FITZINGER 1843. Mausfeld et al. (2000) designated Lacerta punctata Linnaeus, 1758 as type species of Euprepis. However, BAUER 2003 showed that Lacerta punctata is not a member of Euprepis, hence Mausfeld’s type designation is invalid.

Subspecies: Mabuya quinquetaeniata margaritifera and Trachylepis quinquetaeniata langheldi have been elevated to full species status by BROADLEY & BAUER 1998 and Böhme 1985, respectively. Trachylepis quinquetaeniata scharica has been considered as a synonym of Trachylepis quinquetaeniata (fide BROADLEY & BAUER 1998, BAUER et al. 2003).

Distribution: Country list after the IUCN (P. Bowles, pers. comm., 6 Jun 2013). Not listed for Botswana by AUERBACH 1987. Not listed by SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996 because its presence in Algeria may be questionable. Not recorded for Mauritania although it may be presend based on its present in neighboring Mali (Padial 2006). Not in Gabon fide PAUWELS & VANDE WEGHE 2008. Also in India fide (pers. comm.). Not in Angola where it is replaced by T. bocagii fide Marques et al. 2018. Not in Equatorial Guinea fide SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Key: Koppetsch 2020: 123 presents a key to the species of Ethiopia.

Types: The type of Mabuia semicollaris WERNER 1917 has been lost, hence it is impossible to determine its identity with certainty. 
EtymologyNamed after the 5 stripes or lines (Latin “taenia” = band) visible in many specimens of this species.

The genus has been named after Greek “trachys” = rough or stony, and Greek “lepis” = scale or peel, referring to the keeled scales in this genus. The gender of Euprepis is masculine. 
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