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Uta encantadae GRISMER, 1994

IUCN Red List - Uta encantadae - Vulnerable, VU

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Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Sceloporinae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Enchanted side-blotched lizard, San Lorenzo Island Lizard
S: Mancha lateral Encantadas 
SynonymUta encantadae GRISMER 1994: 459
Uta stansburiana encantadae — UPTON & MURPHY 1997
Uta encantadae — GRISMER 1999
Uta encantadoe [sic] — FLORES-VILLELA & CANSECO-MÁRQUEZ 2004
Uta encantadae — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008
Uta encantadae — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionMexico (Islas Encantadas Archipelago, Gulf of California)

Type locality: Isla Encantada, Baja California, Gulf of California, México.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: UA 49549, paratypes: SDSNH 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Uta encantadae may be diagnosed from U. nolascensis, U. squamata, U. stansburiana, U. antiqua, U. stellata, and U. palmeri by having long and narrow, laterally directed postzygapophyseal processesof the atlas vertebra and a hypertrophied nasal salt gland with the accompanying morphological rearrangements of the rostrum (see above). It differs from U. lowei and U. tumidarostra in having more narrowand elongate frontoparietals that usually are separated by a small azygous scale, having a significantly lower and higher, respectively, mean number of dorsal scale rows and a significantly higher mean number of supraoculars (Table 1), and a much less dense network of turquois spotting on the dorsum. It further differs from U. lowei in having the posterior mylohyoid foramen deep within the angular as opposed to being located between the angular and surangular,weakly as opposedto stronglykeeled dorsals, the presence of a parietal sulcus, orange as opposed to yellow spots in the gular region of adult males, and a dark, as opposed to light, ventrum. It further differs from U. tumidarostra in having undivided prefrontal scales and an offset paravertebral blotching pattern in adult males (Grismer 1994). 
CommentAbundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017).

Diet: > 50% of this species’ diet appears to consist of isopoda (Grismer 1994). 
Etymologyhis population was named after the Islas Las Encantadas Archipelago to which it and its presumed closest relatives, Uta tumidarostra and U. lowei, are endemic. 
References
  • Flores-Villela, O. & Canseco-Márquez, L. 2004. Nuevas especies y cambios taxonómicos para la herpetofauna de México. Acta Zoologica Mexicana (n.s.) 20 (2): 115-144 - get paper here
  • Grismer L L 1994. Three new species of intertidal side-blotched lizards (genus Uta) from the Gulf of California, Mexico. Herpetologica 50 (4): 451-474 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee. 1999. An evolutionary classification of reptiles on islands in the Gulf of California, México. Herpetologica 55 (4): 446-469 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp.
  • Jones, L.L. & Lovich, R.E. 2009. Lizards of the American Southwest. A photographic field guide. Rio Nuevo Publishers, Tucson, AZ, 568 pp. [review in Reptilia 86: 84] - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142
  • Upton, D. E.; Murphy, R. W. 1997. Phylogeny of the side-blotched lizards (Phrynosomatidae:Uta) based on mtDNA sequences: support for midpeninsular seaway in Baja California. Mol Phylogenet Evol 8 (1): 104-13 - get paper here
 
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