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Bachia flavescens (BONNATERRE, 1789)

IUCN Red List - Bachia flavescens - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae, Bachiinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Yellow-lined Bachia
Portuguese: Cobra-Cega, Lagartinho, Lagarto-Ápodo, Lagarto-da-Terra, Lagarto-sem-Pata 
SynonymChalcides flavescens BONNATERRE 1789: 67 (nomen nudum fide MURPHY et al. 2019)
Chamaesaura cophias SCHNEIDER 1801: 209
Chalcides cophias SCHNEIDER 1801: 209
Chalcides tridactylus DAUDIN 1802b: 367
Chamaesaura tridactylus DAUDIN 1802b: 367
Chalcides monodactylus DAUDIN 1802b: 370
Colobus daudini MERREM 1820: 76 (replacement name for Ch. monodactylus)
Chalcides Schlegeli DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 457
Chalcides cophias — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 459
Chalcides cophias — GRAVENHORST 1851: 306
Chalcides trilineatus PETERS 1873: 775
Microdactylus schlegeli — BOETTGER 1883: 22
Herpetochalcis heteropus BOETTGER 1883: 150 (non WIEGMANN 1856)
Cophias tridactylus — BOULENGER 1885b: 418
Cophias flavescens — BOULENGER 1885b: 418
Cophias boettgeri BOULENGER 1887a: 517
Bachia flavescens — GARMAN 1892: 97
Bachia tridactylus — GARMAN 1892: 97
Bachia parkeri RUTHVEN 1925: 103
Bachia schlegeli — BRONGERSMA 1946
Bachia cophias — CUNHA 1958: 1
Bachia flavescens BURT & BURT 1931: 317
Bachia cophias — BRONGERSMA 1946
Bachia cophias — DONOSO-BARROS 1968
Bachia parkeri — DONOSO-BARROS 1968
Bachia flavescens — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 81
Bachia monodactylus — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 81
Bachia schlegeli — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 82
Bachia flavescens flavescens — DIXON 1973: 39
Bachia flavescens schlegeli — DIXON 1973: 39
Bachia monodactylus monodactylus — DIXON 1973: 40
Bachia monodactylus parkeri — DIXON 1973: 40
Bachia monodactylus — PRESCH 1975
Bachia monodactylus — BAUER & GÜNTHER 1994
Bachia flavescens — GORZULA & SEÑARIS 1999
Bachia flavescens — DE FREITAS et al. 2011
Bachia monodactylus parkerii — TEIXEIRA et al. 2013 
DistributionColombia, E Venezuela (Bolívar, Amazonas [HR 32: 275]), Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana,
Brazil (Para, Amapa, Roraima, Amazonas)

Type locality: unknown fide Murphy et al. 2019.

Type locality: Südamerica” [Chalcides trilineatus PETERS 1873]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unknown fide Murphy et al. 2019
Holotype: SMF 39900 [Chalcides heteropus]
Holotype: UMMZ 60813 [parkeri]
Holotype: ZMB 7534 [Chalcides trilineatus PETERS 1873] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Dixon 1973: 39


Additional details (182 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: partly after BRONGERSMA 1946. See Avila-Pires (1995) for a detailed discussion of synonymy and variation. BAUER et al. (1995) list Bachia monodactylus (DAUDIN 1802) as valid species with Chalcides trilineatus PETERS 1873: 775 as a synonym. Kizirian and McDiarmid (1998) considered that the variation in what is known as B. flavescens is impressive and that the taxon should be considered as a species complex.

Limb morphology: Reduced limbs.

Distribution: see map in Ribeiro-Júnior et al. 2016: 153 (Fig. 4). Not on Tobago (Murphy et al. 2019). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin flavescens, become, turn yellow. (BONNATERRE 1789, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • Avila-Pires, T.C.S. 1995. Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoologische Verhandelingen 299: 1-706 - get paper here
  • Barrio-Amorós, César L. & Brewer-Carias, Charles 2008. Herpetological results of the 2002 expedition to Sarisari–ama, a tepui in Venezuelan Guayana, with the description of five new species. Zootaxa 1942: 1-68 - get paper here
  • Bauer, A.M. and R. Günther 1994. An annotated type catalogue of the teiid and microteiid lizards in the Zoological Museum, Berlin (Reptilia: Squamata: Teiidae and Gymnophthalmidae). Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 70:267-280 - get paper here
  • Bonnaterre, P.J. 1789. Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature, . . . Erpétologie. Panckoucke, Paris, xxviii+71 pp. (+ plates + index) - get paper here
  • Brongersma, L.D. 1946. Some notes on species of the genera Bachia and Scolecosaurus. Zoologische Mededelingen 26: 237-246 - get paper here
  • Cole, Charles J.; Carol R. Townsend, Robert P. Reynolds, Ross D. MacCulloch, and Amy Lathrop 2013. Amphibians and reptiles of Guyana, South America: illustrated keys, annotated species accounts, and a biogeographic synopsis. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 125 (4): 317-578; plates: 580-620 - get paper here
  • Cunha, O. R. da 1958. I. Lacertilios da Amazonia: Sobre ocorrencia do genero Bachia Gray, 1845, na Amazonia Brasileira. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi 11: 1-12
  • Dixon, J.R. 1973. A systematic review of the teiid lizards, genus Bachia, with remarks on Heterodactylus and Anotosaura. Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 57: 1-47 - get paper here
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1968. The lizards of Venezuela (checklist and key). Carib. J. Sci. 8 (3-4): 105-122
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • FREITAS, JOSEANA LUISA DE; CHRISTINE STRÜSSMANN, MARCOS ANDRÉ DE CARVALHO, RICARDO ALEXANDRE KAWASHITA-RIBEIRO & TAMÍ MOTT 2011. A new species of Bachia Gray, 1845 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Cerrado of Midwestern Brazil. Zootaxa 2737: 61–68 - get paper here
  • Garman, S. 1892. On Cophias and Bachia. Bull. Essex Inst. 24: 96-97
  • Gasc, Jean-Pierre Ga 1984. Analyse expérimentale du déplacement du saurien Bachia cophias (Schneider), microtéiidé a membres réduits. Un modèle simplifié de reptation par ondulations. Amphibia-Reptilia 5 (3-4): 355 - 365 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Gorzula, Stefan & Senaris, J. Celsa 1999. In: Contribution to the herpetofauna of the Venezuelan Guayana. I: a data base. Scientia Guaianae, Caracas, No. 8 [1998], 269+ pp.; ISBN 980-6020-48-0
  • Gravenhorst, J. L. C. 1851. Über die im Zoologischen Museum der Universität Breslau Befindlichen Wirtelschleichen (Pseudosaura), Krüppelfüssler (Brachypoda), und einige andere, Denselben verwandte Reptilien aus den Zünften der Schleichen und Dickzüngler [Euprepes striolatus]. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. 23 (1): 291-394 [1847] - get paper here
  • Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53
  • Hoogmoed, M.S., & Lescure, J. 1975. An annotated checklist of the lizards of French Guiana, mainly based on two recent collections. Zoologische Mededelingen 49(13): 141-172. - get paper here
  • Kizirian, David A. and Roy W. McDiarmid 1998. A new species of Bachia (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) with plesiomorphic limb morphology. Herpetologica 54 (2): 245-253. - get paper here
  • Mendes-Pinto, T. J. & S. Marques de Souza 2011. Preliminary assessment of amphibians and reptiles from Floresta Nacional do Trairão, with a new snake record for the Pará state, Brazilian Amazon. Salamandra 47 (4): 199-206 - get paper here
  • MENDES-PINTO, TELÊMACO JASON; Mestrando, BERNHARD, RAFAEL, VOGT, RICHARD; PEDRETT, RONNEZZA CÉLLIA LOBATO CAMPOS;GARCIA, RAUBER SANTOS 2011. A COLLECTION OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH OF THE AMAZON. Rev. Colombiana cienc. Anim. 3(2): 238 - get paper here
  • Morato, S.A.A.; Calixto, P.O.; Mendes, L.R.; Gomes, R.; Galatti, U.; Trein, F.L.; Oliveira, F.S.; Ferreira, G.N. 2014. Guia fotográfico de identificação da herpetofauna da Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, Estado do Pará. Curitiba: STCP Engenharia de Projetos Ltda.; Porto Trombetas: MRN – Mineração Rio do Norte S.A.; 213 p. - get paper here
  • Morato, Sérgio Augusto Abrahão; Guilherme Nunes Ferreira; Michela Rossane Cavilha Scupino (eds.) 2018. Herpetofauna da Amazônia Central: Estudos na FLONA de Saracá-Taquera. Curitiba, Pr: STCP Engenharia de Projetos Ltda.; Porto Trombetas, Pa: MRN – Mineração Rio do Norte S.A., 2018.<br>210p. - get paper here
  • Oliveira, D.P.; S.M. Souza; L. Frazão; A.P. Almeida; T. Hrbek 2014. Lizards from central Jatapú River, Amazonas, Brazil. Check List 10 (1): 46-53 - get paper here
  • Presch, William 1975. The evolution of limb reduction in the Teiid lizard genus Bachia. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 74 (3): 113-121 - get paper here
  • Prudente, A.L.C.; F. Magalhães; A. Menks; J.F.M. Sarmento. 2013. Checklist of Lizards of the Juruti, state of Pará, Brazil. Check List 9 (1):42-50 - get paper here
  • RIBEIRO-JÚNIOR, MARCO A. & SILVANA AMARAL 2017. Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. IV. Alopoglossidae, Gymnophthalmidae. Zootaxa 4269 (2): 151-196 - get paper here
  • Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. & Silvana Amaral 2016. Diversity, distribution, and conservation of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) in the Brazilian Amazonia. Neotropical Biodiversity, 2:1, 195-421 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
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