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Leiocephalus psammodromus BARBOUR, 1920

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Higher TaxaLeiocephalidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesLeiocephalus psammodromus psammodromus BARBOUR 1920
Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax SCHWARTZ 1967 
Common NamesE: Turks & Caicos Curlytail, Bastion Cay Curlytail Lizard 
SynonymLiocephalus (sic) arenarius BARBOUR 1916: 217
Leiocephalus psammodromus BARBOUR 1920: 73 (nom. subst.)
Leiocephalus psammodromus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 443
Leiocephalus psammodromus — SMITH 1994: 120

Leiocephalus psammodromus psammodromus BARBOUR 1920
Leiocephalus psammodromus psammodromus — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus psammodromus — HEDGES et al. 2019

Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus arenarius aphretor SCHWARTZ 1967: 163
Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor — HEDGES et al. 2019

Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus arenarius apocrinus SCHWARTZ 1967: 165
Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus — HEDGES et al. 2019

Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus arenarius cacodoxus SCHWARTZ 1967: 176
Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus — HEDGES et al. 2019

Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus arenarius hyphantus SCHWARTZ 1967: 172
Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus — KLUGE 1984
Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus — HEDGES et al. 2019

Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax SCHWARTZ 1967
Leiocephalus arenarius mounax SCHWARTZ 1967: 169
Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax — PREGILL 1992: 50
Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax — HEDGES et al. 2019 
DistributionTurks I, Caicos I, scatteren on associated Cays

psammodromus: Turks Is.: "Bastion Cay," Big Sand Cay; Type locality: 'Bastion Cay," Turks Islands (unlocatable).

aphretor: Turks Is.: Long Cay, SE of Grand Turk I.

apocrinus: Caicos Is.: Big Ambergris and Little Ambergris cays.

cacodoxus: Caicos Is.: Ft. George Cay, Providenciales I., Sugar Loaf I.

hyphantus: Caicos Is.: Pine Cay, Water Cay, Stubb Cay.

mounax: Caicos Is.: Long Cay off Cockburn Harbour, South Caicos I.

INCERTAE SEDIS: The species is also known from (Caicos Is.) West Caicos I., Dellis Cay, Little Water Cay, Parrot Cay, North Caicos I., Middle Caicos I., East Caicos I., and (Turks Is.) Gibbs Cay, East Cay, Pear Cay; all are unassigned subspecifically.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 11948.
Holotype: CM 40602 [aphretor]
Holotype: CM 40601 [apocrinus]
Holotype: MCZ 54185 [cacodoxus]
Holotype: UMMZ 126624 [hyphantus]
Holotype: CM 40603 [mounax] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (7283 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIllustrations: Schwartz, 1967.

Nomenclature: Liocephalus (sic) arenarius BARBOUR 1916 is preoccupied by Steironotus [Ophryoesoides = Leiocephalus] arenarius TSCHUDI 1845. However, since the two species are unrelated and the genus names have changed, there is no pre-occupation any longer and the original name could be re-instated.

Subspecies: Genetic data suggests that subspecies names do not reflect actual units of variation and need revision (Reynolds et al. 2012). 
EtymologyThe name hyphantus is derived from the Greek for "woven," an allusion to the net-like or reticulate throat pattern. 
References
  • Barbour, T. 1916. Additional notes on West Indian reptiles and amphibians. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29: 215-220. - get paper here
  • Barbour, T. 1920. A Leiocephalus Misnamed Copeia 85: 73. - get paper here
  • Hedges SB, Powell R, Henderson RW, Hanson S, and Murphy JC 2019. Definition of the Caribbean Islands biogeographic region, with checklist and recommendations for standardized common names of amphibians and reptiles. Caribbean Herpetology 67: 1–53
  • Pregill,G.K. 1992. Systematics of the West Indian Lizard Genus Leiocephalus (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae). Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 84: 1-69 - get paper here
  • Reynolds, R. Graham; Matthew L. Niemiller; Benjamin M. Fitzpatrick 2012. Genetic analysis of an endemic archipelagic lizard reveals sympatric cryptic lineages and taxonomic discordance. Conservation Genetics 13:953–963 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. 1967. The Leiocephalus (Lacertilia, Iguanidae) of the southem Bahama Islands. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 39 (12): 153-84. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Smith, G. R. 1994. Observations on activity in two lizards (Anolis scriptus and Leiocephalus psammodromus). Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 30 (3): 120-125 - get paper here
  • Smith, Geoffrey R. 1992. Sexual dimorphism in the curly-tailed lizard, Leiocephalus psammodromus. Carib. J. Sci. 28 (1-2): 99-101
 
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