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Oligodon ocellatus (MORICE, 1875)

IUCN Red List - Oligodon ocellatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Ocellated Kukri Snake 
SynonymSimotes ocellatus MORICE 1875: 57
Simotes brevicauda STEINDACHNER 1867 (not GÜNTHER 1862)
Oligodon analepticos CAMPDEN-MAIN 1970 (nom. nov.)
Oligodon ocellatus — STUART et al. 2006
Oligodon ocellatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 501
Oligodon ocellatus — DAVID et al. 2022 
DistributionE Cambodia (Kompong Cham), S Vietnam ((Binh Tri Thien, Quang Nam-Da Nang, Dac Lac, Phu Khanh, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh, Dong Nai), 0-300 m elevation, Laos, Thailand (Ubon Ratchathani)

Type locality: "Tay-ninh, Cochinchine Française." [=Tay Ninh, Tay Ninh Province, southern Vietnam, 11° 18'N, 106° 06'E].

Terra typica (O. analepticos): “Cochinchina”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MHNL 1569a-b, 1571, and 1572, two males and two females, 539-663 mm (A. Morice). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the genus Oligodon cyclurus-group, characterized by (1) long and deeply forked hemipenes, reaching 15th–17th SC, thin, smooth and not spinose throughout; (2) 19–19–15 (rarely 13) dorsal scale rows; (3) reductions between 19 and 17 rows occurring between VEN 79–107 (mean 90.3); (4) a very short tail, TaL/TL 0.097–0.141; (5) 9–11 maxillary teeth, the last two or three strongly enlarged; (6) anal plate single; (6) head scalation complete, including a presubocular; (7) 8 (rarely 7) supralabials; (9) 2 anterior temporals; and (10) a typically blotched dorsal pattern, with large blotches in most specimens, or sometimes merely a reticulated pattern with very faint blotches (DAVID et al. 2008).


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CommentCAMPDEN-MAIN 1970 considered Simotes brevicauda STEINDACHNER as a secondary homonym of Oligodon brevicauda GÜNTHER 1862. Thus a new name, Oligodon analepticos was proposed by CAMPDEN-MAIN 1970.

Habitat: terrestrial, despite being categorized as “fully arboreal” (by Harrington et al. 2018), probably erroneously following Das 2010 (pers. comm., James Holden via Henrik Bringsøe, 30 Nov 2021). 
EtymologyFrom Latin ocellus = diminuitive of oculus: eye; with ocellated scales, or patches that look like eyes. 
References
  • Bringsøe H, Holden J 2021. Yet another kukri snake piercing an anuran abdomen: Oligodon ocellatus (Morice, 1875) eats Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) in Vietnam. Herpetozoa 34: 57-59 - get paper here
  • Campden-Main, S.M. 1970. The Identity of Oligodon cyclurus (CANTOR, 1839) and Revalidation of Oligodon brevicauda (STEINDACHNER, 1867) (Serpentes: Colubridae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 82 (58): 763-765 - get paper here
  • David, P.; Vogel, G. & Pauwels, O.S.G. 2008. A new species of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata: Colubridae) from southern Vietnam and Cambodia. Zootaxa 1939: 19–37 - get paper here
  • David, Patrick; Sjon Hauser & Gernot Vogel 2022. A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS Oligodon FITZINGER, 1826 (REPTILIA: COLUBRIDAE) FROM SOUTHERN LAOS TAPROBANICA 11 (1): 12-24 - get paper here
  • Geissler, Peter, Truong Quang Nguyen, Nikolay A. Poyarkov & Wolfgang Böhme 2011. New records of snakes from Cat Tien National Park, Dong Nai and Lam Dong provinces, southern Vietnam. Bonn zoological Bulletin 60 (1): 9-16 - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 - get paper here
  • Green, Marc D.; Nikolai L. Orlov and Robert W. Murphy 2010. Toward a Phylogeny of the Kukri Snakes, Genus Oligodon. Asian Herpetological Research 1 (1): 1-21 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Morice, A. 1875. Coup d’oeil sur la faune de la Cochinchine française. H. Georg, Lyon, 101 pp.
  • NEANG, THY; L. LEE GRISMER & JENNIFER C. DALTRY 2012. A new species of kukri snake (Colubridae: Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826) from the Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia. Zootaxa 3388: 41–55 - get paper here
  • NGUYEN, S. N., VAN LE, M. A. N. H., THI-DIEU-HIEN, V. O., & MURPHY, R. W. 2022. A new species of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata: Colubridae) from Langbian Plateau, Vietnam. Zootaxa 5196 (4): 555-566 - get paper here
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • NGUYEN, SANG NGOC; VU DANG HOANG NGUYEN, SON HONG LE, ROBERT W. MURPHY 2016. A new species of kukri snake (Squamata: Colubridae: Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Con Dao Islands, southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 4139 (2): 261–273 - get paper here
  • PAUWELS, O. S., THONGYAI, K., CHANTONG, P., & SUMONTHA, M. 2021. Two new Kukri Snake species (Colubridae: Oligodon) from the Nakhon Si Thammarat Mountain Range, and addition of O. ocellatus to the fauna of Thailand. Zootaxa 4908 (4): 537-557 - get paper here
  • Saint-Girons, H. 1972. Les Serpents du Cambodge. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 74: 1-170
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. In: Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858,1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair (Zoologie), Vol. 1, part 3 (Reptilien p.1-98). K. Gerold's Sohn/Kaiserlich-Königl. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien [1869 on title page] - get paper here
  • Stuart, B.; Sok, K. & Neang, T. 2006. A collection of amphibians and reptiles from hilly Eastern Cambodia. Raffles Bull. Zool. 54 (1): 129-155 - get paper here
  • VASSILIEVA, ANNA B.; PETER GEISSLER, EDUARD A. GALOYAN, NIKOLAY Jr A. POYARKOV, ROBERT WAYNE VAN DEVENDER, WOLFGANG BÖHME 2013. A new species of Kukri Snake (Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826; Squamata: Colubridae) from the Cat Tien National Park, southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 3702 (3): 233–246 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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