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Polychrus acutirostris SPIX, 1825

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Higher TaxaPolychrotidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brazilian Bush Anole
G: Spitzkopf-Buntleguan
Portuguese: Bicho-Preguiça, Calango-Cego, Camaleão, Camaleão-Preguiça, Camaleãozinho, Catatau, Falso-Camaleão, Lagarto-Preguiça, Papa-Vento 
SynonymPolychrus acutirostris SPIX 1825: 15
Ecphymotes acutirostris — FITZINGER 1826: 49
Polychrus anomalus WIEGMANN 1834
Polychrus anomalus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 69
Laemanctus acutirostris — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 75
Ecphymotes acutirostris — GRAY 1845: 185
Polychrus acutirostris — BOULENGER 1885: 99
Polychrus anomalus — BOETTGER 1885
Polychrus marmoratus acutirostris — BURT & BURT 1933: 41
Polychrus acutirostris — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 233
Polychrus acutirostris — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Polychrus acutirostris — CACCIALI et al. 2016 
DistributionS/E Brazil (Bahia, Goias, Pernambuco, Mato Grosso, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Piauí, Paraíba, Sergipe), Paraguay, Argentina, E Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Santz Cruz, Tarija, Formosa)

Type locality: Bahia, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, was ZSM 490/0 (lost), number of specimens unknown (Franzen & Glaw 2007, see also Hoogmoed & Gruber 1983) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Polychrus with a pointed snout; scales on dorsal surface of head moderate in size, and tending to become rugose in larger animals; nasal in contact with second and third, third, or third and fourth supralabials; gular crest absent; gular fan reaches level of forelimbs; scales on flanks about as large as, or larger than, scales on tail; ventrals sharply pointed and keeled. Males in reproductive condition with a series of black spots on upper part of flanks. Inhabitant of open formations (Avila-Pires 1995: 126 ff).


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CommentSynonymy following that of CEI 1993 and Avila-Pires 1995.

Distribution: not in Uruguay (M. Hoogmoed, pers. comm., 19 Feb 2013, based on a thesis by C. Nogueira).

Diet: this species lives almost exclusively from ants (Lucas et al. 2023). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “acuere” = sharp, or “acutus” = sharpened, pointed, or “acumen” = tip, or “acus” = needle; “rostrum” = beak, proboscis, or trunk. 
References
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