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Tropidurus torquatus (WIED-NEUWIED, 1820)

IUCN Red List - Tropidurus torquatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaTropiduridae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Amazon Lava Lizard
G: Kielschwanzleguan
Portuguese: Calango, Calango-de-Muro, Calango-do-Cerrado, Calango-Urbano, Labigó, Lagartixa, Lagartixa-Preta, Lagarto, Lagarto-da-Pedra, Lagarto-de-Parede, Taraguira, Trauíra 
SynonymStellio torquatus WIED-NEUWIED 1820: 106
Agama operculata — LICHTENSTEIN 1822
Agama brasiliensis — RADDI 1823: 59
Tropidurus torquatus — WIED 1824
Agama hispida sive tuberculata SPIX 1825 (fide RODRIGUES 1987)
Tropidurus torquatus — WIED-NEUWIED 1825
Taraguira darwinii GRAY 1845: 220 (fide BOULENGER 1885)
Steironotus (Strobilurus) sp. — FITZINGER 1843
Tropidurus torquatus — BOULENGER 1885: 176
Tropidurus torquatus — FROST 1992
Tropidurus hispida (fide BURT & BURT 1930)
Tropidurus hygomi (fide BURT & BURT 1931)
Tropidurus torquatus — HARVEY GUTBERLET 2000
Tropidurus torquatus — KUNZ & BORGES-MARTINS 2013 
DistributionBrazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Goias, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Bahia), Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Colombia [Castro,F. (pers. comm.)], Bolivia ?, Argentina (Corrientes etc.)

Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Lagoa do Paulista [neotype locality]. Lat -22.2352, -41.5481.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesNeotype: MZUSP 54907 (RODRIGUES 1987); original description doesn’t mention type specimens. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Tropidurus is a Neotropical genus of iguanoid lizards characterized by a conspicuously enlarged interparietal plate, the presence of gular folds, presence of infradigital keels, and the absence of femoral pores (Cei 1993; Carreira et al. 2005, Cacciali & Köhler 2018).


Additional details (2287 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy partly after Peters et al. 1970.

Species group: The torquatus group of Tropidurus contains 13 species: T. chromatops, T. cocorobensis Rodrigues, 1987, T. erythrocephalus Rodrigues, 1987, T. etheridgei, T. hispidus, T. hygomi, T. insulanus Rodrigues, 1987, T. itambere Rodrigues, 1987, T. montanus Rodrigues, 1987, T. mucujensis Rodrigues, 1987, T. oreadicus Rodrigues, 1987, T. psammonastes and T. torquatus [SARAIVA-KUNZ & BORGES-MARTINS 2013]..

Distribution: probably in Bolivia (based on occurrence in neighboring countries) but not reported from there yet (HARVEY & GUTBERLET 1998).

Habitat: open areas and rocky outcrops, sand, semi-arboreal.

Type species: Stellio torquatus WIED-NEUWIED 1820 is the type species of the genus Tropidurus WIED 1824.

Diet: omnivorous; a large percentage of the diet of this species (10-80%) may consist of ants (Lucas et al. 2023).

WIED-NEUWIED 1820 did not provide a type locality. 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin torquatus, "adorned with a necklace or collar", refers to the conspicuous, light-bordered black collar in these lizards. However, not all specimens show the collar.

The genus was named after Greek tropizo (τροπίζω), furnish with a keel + Greek oura (οὐρᾷ), tail. ["…Kielschwanz…"]. 
References
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