Acanthodactylus erythrurus (SCHINZ, 1833)
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Acanthodactylus erythrurus
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| Higher Taxa | Lacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | Acanthodactylus erythrurus atlanticus BOULENGER 1918 Acanthodactylus erythrurus belli GRAY 1845 Acanthodactylus erythrurus erythrurus (SCHINZ 1833) Acanthodactylus erythrurus lineomaculatus (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839) |
| Common Names | E: Fringe-fingered Lizard G: Europäischer Fransenfinger D: Roodstaartfransjenhagedis |
| Synonym | Lacerta erythrura SCHINZ 1833: 102 Acanthodactylus vulgaris DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 268 Acanthodactylus vulgaris — BOULENGER 1878: 195 Acanthodactylus vulgaris — BOULENGER 1891: 132 Acanthodactylus vulgaris — BOULENGER 1918 Acanthodactylus erythrurus — MERTENS 1929 Acanthodactylus vulgaris — WERNER 1931 Acanthodactylus vulgaris — BELLAIRS & SHUTE 1954 Acanthodactylus erythrurus — ENGELMANN et al 1993 Acanthodactylus erythrurus — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 384 Acanthodactylus erythrurus — SPEYBROECK et al. 2020 Acanthodactylus erythrurus belli GRAY 1845 Acanthodactylus Bellii GRAY 1845: 36 Acanthodactylus erythrurus bellii — PAPENFUSS 1969: 295 Acanthodactylus erythrurus belli — SALVADOR 1982: 64 Acanthodactylus erythrurus ksourensis DOUMERGUE 1901: 187 Acanthodactylus erythrurus mauritanicus DOUMERGUE 1901: 187 Acanthodactylus erythrurus belli — BONS 1959 Acanthodactylus erythrurus belli — FONSECA et al. 2009 Acanthodactylus erythrurus atlanticus BOULENGER 1918 Acanthodactylus vulgaris var. atlantica BOULENGER 1918 Acanthodactylus erythrurus atlanticus — BISCHOFF 2007 Acanthodactylus erythrurus atlanticus — FONSECA et al. 2009 Acanthodactylus erythrurus lineomaculatus (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839) Acanthodactylus lineo-maculatus DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 276 Acanthodactylus vulgaris lineomaculatus — HEDIGER 1935 Acanthodactylus erythrurus lineomaculatus —SALVADOR 1982: 63 Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus — BONS & GENIEZ 1995 Acanthodactylus erythrurus tingitanus (fide SALVADOR 1982) Acanthodactylus erythrurus lineomaculatus — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 386 Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus — HARRIS & ARNOLD 2000 Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008 Acanthodactylus erythrurus lineomaculatus — BARATA et al. 2011 Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus — GIOVANNOTTI et al. 2017 Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus — MOUHAJIR et al. 2019 |
| Distribution | Portugal, Spain, Gibraltar, NW Morocco, N Algeria atlanticus: Distribution (Fig. 7): Morocco only; Middle Atlas including the Central Plateau, northern slopes of the High Atlas, plains to the north and west of the Atlases, with the exception of an Atlantic coastal fringe. belli: NE Morocco and Algeria.; Type locality: “Algiers”; erythrurus: The southern two-thirds of the IberianPeninsula, extending northwards along the Mediterranean coast as far as the environs of Gerona. Type locality: “Spanien” lineomaculatus: W/S Morocco; Type locality: "Mogador". |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: unlocated (SALVADOR 1982: 57) Syntypes: BMNH 1946.9.3.8-11 [belli] Syntypes: BMNH 1946.9.2.72-73 [atlanticus] Syntypes: MNHN-RA 5912 (by monotypy; fide Brygoo 1988 in type catalogue Lacertidae, but unlocated by SALVADOR 1982: 63. Boulenger 1921 mentioned 10 syntypes in MNHN) [lineomaculatus] |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (erythrurus): Smooth dorsal scales (or weakly keeled on rear of back), rounded snout, barely concave frontal, entire internasal, usually no interprefrontal granules (exceptionally one), 1st supraocular generally fragmented into fewer than six scales on both sides (sometimes into six scales on both sides), subocular usually in contact with lip (sometimes it is separated from the lip by the 4th and 5th labials that are joined in this case) (from BONS & GENIEZ 1995). Diagnosis (atlanticus): Smooth dorsal scales (or weakly keeled on rear of back), rounded snout, barely concave frontal, internasal nearly always whole (exceptionally divided), no interprefrontal granules (sometimes one, exceptionally two), 1st supraocular generally fragmented into fewer than six scales on both sides (exceptionally six on one or both sides), subocular generally separated from the lip by a small rectangular or oval scale (exceptionally this small scale is absent and the subocular may or may not be in contact with the lip) (from BONS & GENIEZ 1995). Diagnosis (belli): Smooth dorsal scales (or weakly keeled on rear of back), rounded snout, barely concave frontal, entire internasal, usually no interprefrontal granules (exceptionally one), 1st supraocular generally fragmented into fewer than six scales on both sides (exceptionally six on one or both sides), subocular in contact with lip (from BONS & GENIEZ 1995). Diagnosis (lineomaculatus): Strongly keeled dorsal scales, slim pointed snout, concave frontal (with sharply angled lateral edges), internasal usually divided, except north of Rabat, usually one or two granules, except north of Rabat where they are generally absent, 1st supraocular usually fragmented into more than six scales or granules, subocular usually separated from the lip by the 4th and 5th supralabials, the 4th being usually fragmented at the rear by a small trapezoidal scale in localities north of Rabat (from BONS & GENIEZ 1995). |
| Comment | Syonymy partly after SCHLEICH et al. (1996) and SALVADOR 1982. Genetically, A. lineomaculatus is nested within A. erythrurus. Further analysis may thus reveal that it is synonymous to the latter species (HARRIS et al. 2004). Recent molecular analyses do not support the specific differentiation of A. e. lineomaculatus and A. e. belli, indicating that both morphotypes are probably ecotypical adaptations to different habitats (Fonseca et al., 2009). Acanthodactylus lineomaculatus has been synonymized with A. erythrurus by TAMAR et al. 2016, confirming that this species nests withing erythrurus in molecular data. Boulenger 1881: 742 thought that A. e. bellii is a juvenile A. vulgaris. Distribution: some mountain populations of A. erythrurus were split off as A. lacrymae and A. montanus by Miralles et al. 2020. See map in Miralles et al. 2020: 321 (Fig. 10). NCBI taxonID: 282410 [lineomaculatus] Karyotype: 2n = 38 Type species: Lacerta erythrura SCHINZ 1833: 102 is the type species of the genus Acanthodactylus SCHINZ 1833. Reproduction: viviparous. |
| Etymology | Named after Greek erythros = red, reddish, presumably for the sometimes reddish looking skin in some specimens. |
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