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Acanthophis rugosus LOVERIDGE, 1948

IUCN Red List - Acanthophis rugosus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesG: Rauhnackige Todesotter 
SynonymAcanthophis antarcticus rugosus LOVERIDGE 1948: 392
Acanthophis woolfi HOSER 1998
Acanthophis lancasteri bottomi HOSER 1998
Acanthophis bottomi — WELLS 2002
Acanthophis woolfi — WELLS 2002
Acanthophis rugosus — WÜSTER et al. 2004
Acanthophis rugosus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 4 
DistributionIndonesia (Irian Jaya), Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia, NW Queensland)

Type locality: Merauke, Irian Jaya, Indonesia.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 22812 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Head shields very strongly rugose, otherwise like the typical banded form of antarctica figured by Shaw which appears to have smooth head shields [from LOVERIDGE 1948].
 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: A. lancasteri "bottomi" appears to be conspecific with A. rugosus according to mtDNA data (Wüster et al., 2005). 
References
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Dobiey, Maik; Frank Weinsheimer, Guido Westhoff 2008. Cannibalism in two species of Death Adders (Acanthophis rugosus and A. antarcticus). Ophidia 2 (2): 19-21 - get paper here
  • Hoser, R. 1998. Death Adders (Genus Acanthophis): An overview, including descriptions of five new species and one subspecies. Monitor 9 (2): 20-41 - get paper here
  • Hoser, Raymond 1998. Colour change in death adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and other reptiles. Monitor 10 (1): 4; 31 - get paper here
  • Jungnickel, J. 2005. Die Haltung und Nachzucht der Rauhnackigen Todesotter Acanthophis rugosus LOVERIDGE 1948. Sauria 27 (1): 9-13 - get paper here
  • Lillywhite, Harvey B. 2014. How Snakes Work: Structure, Function and Behavior of the World's Snakes. Oxford University Press, New York, 256 pp
  • Loveridge, A. 1948. New Guinean reptiles and amphibians in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and United States National Museum. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 101 (2): 305-430. - get paper here
  • MADDOCK, SIMON T.; RYAN J. ELLIS, PAUL DOUGHTY, LAWRENCE A. SMITH & WOLFGANG WÜSTER 2015. A new species of death adder (Acanthophis: Serpentes: Elapidae) from north-western Australia. Zootaxa 4007 (3): 301–326 - get paper here
  • Parkin, T., Jolly, C. J., de Laive, A., & von Takach, B. 2020. Snakes on an urban plain: Temporal patterns of snake activity and human–snake conflict in Darwin, Australia. Austral Ecology - get paper here
  • Shine R, Spencer CL, Keogh JS 2014. Morphology, Reproduction and Diet in Australian and Papuan Death Adders (Acanthophis, Elapidae). PLoS ONE 9(4): e94216 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wells, Richard W. 2002. Taxonomy the Genus Acanthophis (Reptilia: Elapidae) in Australia. Australian Biodiversity Record (5): 1-16
  • Wüster, Wolfgang; Alex J. Dumbrell; Chris Hay; Catharine E. Pook; David J. Williams and Bryan Grieg Fry 2004. Snakes across the Strait: trans-Torresian phylogeographic relationships in three genera of Australasian snakes (Serpentes: Elapidae: Acanthophis, Oxyuranus, and Pseudechis). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33 (3): 1-14 - get paper here
 
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