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Agkistrodon howardgloydi CONANT, 1984

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Gloyd’s Moccasin
G: Gloyds Mokassinschlange 
SynonymAgkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi CONANT 1984: 135
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — VILLA 1984:18
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — GLOYD & CONANT 1990: 87
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi — MCDIARMID et al. 1999
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —PARKINSON et al. 2000: 412
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —SMITH & CHISZAR 2001: 134
Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi —CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 263
Agkistrodon howardgloydi — PORRAS et al. 2013
Agkistrodon howardgloydi — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023 
DistributionNW Costa Rica, W Nicaragua, S Honduras

Type locality: tropical dry forest, 0.8 km north of Mirador el Cañon del Tigre, Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Guanacaste, Costa Rica.  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 125525, male 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 6328 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: WALLACH et al. 2014 lists this species as synonym of A. bilineatus.

Similar species: Agkistrodon howardgloydi and A. russeolus are genetically very closely related (Alencar et al. 2016).

Distribution: See map in Trutnau (2001) and Porras et al. 2013.

Illustration in Penner (2001). 
EtymologyNamed after Howard Kay Gloyd (1902-1978), American herpetologist. 
References
  • Alencar, Laura R.V.; Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50–62 - get paper here
  • Bolanos, R., & MONTERO, J. R. 1971. Agkistrodon bilineatus Günther from Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 16 [1970]: 277-279. - get paper here
  • Burger, W.L. & Robertson,W.B. 1951. A new subspecies of the Mexican moccasin, Agkistrodon bilineatus. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (5): 213-218 - get paper here
  • Calmonte, T. 1982. Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori - ein selten imprtierter Dreieckskopf aus Mexiko. Herpetofauna 4 (20): 26-27 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Castro-Franco, R. & Guadalupe Bustos Zagal, M. 2004. Additional records and range extensions of reptiles from Morelos, México. Herpetological Review 35 (2): 196-197 - get paper here
  • Conant, R. 1984. A new subspecies of the pit viper Agkistrodon bilineatus (Reptilia: Viperidae) from Central America. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 97: 135-141 - get paper here
  • Cruz, G.; Wilson, L.D.; Espinosa, J. 1979. Two ADDITIONS TO THE REPTILE FAUNA OF HONDURAS) EUMECES MANAGUAE DUNN AND AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS (GUNTHER)) WITH COMMENTS ON PELAMIS PLATURUS (LINNAEUS). Herpetological Review 10 (1): 26-27 - get paper here
  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp
  • Gloyd, H. and Conant, R. 1943. A synopsis of the American forms of Agkistrodon (Copperheads and Moccasins). Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 7: 147-170
  • Gloyd, H. K. 1972. A subspecies of Agkistrodon bilineatus (Serpentes: Crotalidae) on the Yucatán Peninsula, México. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 84: 327-334. - get paper here
  • Gower, D.; Garrett, K. & Stafford, P. 2012. Snakes. Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY,<br />144 p..
  • Günther. A. 1863. Third account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 12: 348 - 365 - get paper here
  • Hoevers, L., & HENDERSON, R. W. 1974. Additions to the herpetofauna of Belize (British Honduras). Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. No. 2, 6 pp. - get paper here
  • Lee, J. C. 2000. A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of the Maya world. Cornell University Press, Ithaca,
  • Martin, Plul S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians in the Gomez Farias Region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (101): 1-102 + 7 plates - get paper here
  • McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., and Alexander Gutsche 2016. The herpetofauna of islands in the Golfo de Fonseca and adjacent waters, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (4): 842–899 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Meléndez, Lester 2012. Reptilienerinnerungen à la Guatemala. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (3): 40-41 - get paper here
  • Pachmann, A. 2012. Baumschleichen statt Blumen. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (98): 16-17 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of pitvipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia 1999 (3): 576-586 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L., Zamudio, K.R. & Greene, H.W. 2000. Phylogeography of the pitviper clade Agkistrodon: historical ecology, species status and conservation of cantils. Molecular Ecology 9: 411-420 - get paper here
  • Penner, J. 2001. Der grösste Schlangenzoo Lateinamerikas - ein Praktikum im “World of Snakes” Grecia, Costa Rica. Elaphe 9 (4): 81-85
  • Porras LW, Wilson LD, Schuett GW, Reiserer R.S. 2013. A taxonomic reevaluation and conservation assessment of the common cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus (Squamata: Viperidae): a race against time. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7 (1): 48–73 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Die Schlangen Costa Ricas. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 20-27 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Costa Rica’s venomous snakes. Reptilia (GB) (48): 11-17 - get paper here
  • Preißler, D. 2004. Alles über Schlangen. Draco 5 (17): 4-21 - get paper here
  • Sasa, M., Arias, E., & Chaves, G. 2025. Annotated list of amphibians and reptiles of Costa Rica: The role of the Museum of Zoology in cataloging the country’s herpetological diversity. Revista de Biología Tropical, 73(S2): e64536-e64536 - get paper here
  • Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205]
  • Schmidt, K. E, & INGER, R. F. 1957. Living Reptiles of the World. Doubleday & Co., 287 pp. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P.;Shannon, Frederick A. 1947. Notes on amphibians and reptiles of Michoacan, Mexico. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 31 (9): 63-85
  • Smith, Hobart M. and David Chiszar 2001. A new subspecies of Cantil (Agkistrodon bilineatus) from Central Veracruz, Mexico (Reptilia: Serpentes). Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 37 (4): 130-136 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 1984. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Kupferkopfs - Agkistrodon contortrix (LINNAEUS 1766). Herpetofauna 7 (35): 14-26 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 2001. Einige Bemerkungen zur Biologie, Pflege und Nachzucht der mexikanischen Giftschlangenart Agkistrodon bilineatus GÜNTHER 1863. Herpetofauna 23 (131): 5-14 - get paper here
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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