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Agkistrodon russeolus GLOYD, 1972

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Yucatecan Cantil, Mexican Moccasin
G: Mexikanische Mokassinschlange
S: Cantil Pinto 
SynonymAgkistrodon bilineatus russeolus GLOYD 1972: 327
Agkistrodon russeolus — PORRAS et al. 2013 
DistributionMexico (Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo), N Guatemala, N Belize

Type-locality: "11.7 km. north of Piste, Yucatan, Mexico."  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: KU 70905, male; paratypes: KU, UCM, UMMZ, FMNH (males and females) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: From A. b. bilineatus this subspecies is distinguished by the following attributes: the presence of conspicuous light areas of ground color between crossbands; cheek stripe, bases of crossbands and ventrolateral spots dark chestnut brown, broadly edged with white, the white extending onto ventral scutes; belly light along midline and with numerous white markings irregularly distributed; light lines on sides of head relatively narrow, the upper especially so, the lower extending across the centers of the supralabials anteriorly then descending to their lower margins posteriorly. The white does not extend over the greater part of the supralabials as in A. b. taylori. From A. b. taylori this form is distinguished by the narrow light Une on the supralabials bordered by dark below, and by the higher number of subcaudals. [from GLOYD 1972] 
CommentVenomous!

Similar species: Agkistrodon howardgloydi and A. russeolus are genetically very similar (Alencar et al. 2016).

Synonymy: WALLACH et al. 2014 lists this species as synonym of A. bilineatus.

Distribution: See maps in Trutnau (2001) and Porras et al. 2013.

Key: Gloyd 1972: 330 presented a key to the subspecies of A. bilineatus. 
EtymologyNamed after the somewhat reddish tinge in the coloration of the more recent specimens. 
References
  • Alencar, Laura R.V.; Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50–62 - get paper here
  • Bolanos, R., & MONTERO, J. R. 1971. Agkistrodon bilineatus Günther from Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical 16 [1970]: 277-279. - get paper here
  • Bringsøe, H. 2021. Herpetologische Nachweise aus Bang Lang, Südthailand, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der colubriden Schlangen Boiga bengkuluensis Orlov, Kudryavtzev, Ryabov & Shumakov, 2003 und Oligodon signatus (Günther, 1864). Sauria 43 (4): 13-30 - get paper here
  • Bringsøe, H. 2022. Herpetologiske iagttagelser i Khao Pu Khao Ya i Sydthailand. Nord. Herpet. Foren. 62(1): 2-20 - get paper here
  • Bringsøe, H. 2024. Herpetologi i Amazonas i det østlige Ecuador. Nord. Herpet. Foren. 64(1): 35-75
  • Burger, W.L. & Robertson,W.B. 1951. A new subspecies of the Mexican moccasin, Agkistrodon bilineatus. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (5): 213-218 - get paper here
  • Calmonte, T. 1982. Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori - ein selten imprtierter Dreieckskopf aus Mexiko. Herpetofauna 4 (20): 26-27 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
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  • Charruau, Pierre, Armando H. Escobedo-Galvan, Juan-Manuel Koller González and Marcos A. Morales-Garduza. 2014. Geographical Distribution: Agkistrodon russeolus (Yucatecan cantil). Herpetological Review 45 (4): 662 - get paper here
  • Conant, R. 1984. A new subspecies of the pit viper Agkistrodon bilineatus (Reptilia: Viperidae) from Central America. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 97: 135-141 - get paper here
  • Cruz, G.; Wilson, L.D.; Espinosa, J. 1979. Two ADDITIONS TO THE REPTILE FAUNA OF HONDURAS) EUMECES MANAGUAE DUNN AND AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS (GUNTHER)) WITH COMMENTS ON PELAMIS PLATURUS (LINNAEUS). Herpetological Review 10 (1): 26-27 - get paper here
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  • ORTIZ-MEDINA, JAVIER A.; JESÚS ISAAC VINAJERA-SOSA, J. ROGELIO CEDEÑO-VÁZQUEZ & VICENTE MATA-SILVA. 2022. AGKISTRODON RUSSEOLUS (Yucatecan Cantil). PREDATION. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 333–334.
  • Pachmann, A. 2012. Baumschleichen statt Blumen. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (98): 16-17 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L. 1999. Molecular systematics and biogeographical history of pitvipers as determined by mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences. Copeia 1999 (3): 576-586 - get paper here
  • Parkinson,C.L., Zamudio, K.R. & Greene, H.W. 2000. Phylogeography of the pitviper clade Agkistrodon: historical ecology, species status and conservation of cantils. Molecular Ecology 9: 411-420 - get paper here
  • Penner, J. 2001. Der grösste Schlangenzoo Lateinamerikas - ein Praktikum im “World of Snakes” Grecia, Costa Rica. Elaphe 9 (4): 81-85
  • Porras LW, Wilson LD, Schuett GW, Reiserer R.S. 2013. A taxonomic reevaluation and conservation assessment of the common cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus (Squamata: Viperidae): a race against time. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 7 (1): 48–73 - get paper here
  • Porras, L.W. & Solórzano, A. 2006. Costa Rica’s venomous snakes. Reptilia (GB) (48): 11-17 - get paper here
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  • Trutnau, L. 1984. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Kupferkopfs - Agkistrodon contortrix (LINNAEUS 1766). Herpetofauna 7 (35): 14-26 - get paper here
  • Trutnau, L. 2001. Einige Bemerkungen zur Biologie, Pflege und Nachzucht der mexikanischen Giftschlangenart Agkistrodon bilineatus GÜNTHER 1863. Herpetofauna 23 (131): 5-14 - get paper here
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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