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Ahaetulla prasina (BOIE, 1827)

IUCN Red List - Ahaetulla prasina - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Ahaetuliinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesAhaetulla prasina prasina (BOIE 1827)
Ahaetulla prasina medioxima LAZELL 2002
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis (TAYLOR 1922)
Ahaetulla prasina suluensis GAULKE 1994 
Common NamesE: Gunther’s whip snake, Oriental Whipsnake, Asian vine snake, Jade Vine Snake
G: Grüne Peitschennatter
Chinese: 绿瘦蛇 
SynonymColuber Nasutus SHAW 1802
Coluber mycterizans — RAFFLES 1822
Dryophis prasinus BOIE 1827
Dryophis prasina — REINWARDT in BOIE 1827
Tragops prasinus — WAGLER 1830
Dryinus prasinus — CANTOR 1847
Drynius [sic] prasinus — KELAART 1854: 138 (in error ?)
Tragops prasinus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 824
Tragops xanthozonius — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 826 (not of BOIE)
Tragops prasinus — PETERS 1867: 25
Tragops prasinus — THEOBALD 1868: 52
Tragops prasinus — ANDERSON 1871: 185
Tragops prasinus — FISCHER 1885: 3
Dryophis prasinus — BOULENGER 1897: 507
Dryophis prasinus flavescens WALL 1910: 834
Dryophis xanthozona — HOLTZINGER-TENEVER 1919
Passerita prasina — STEJNEGER 1923
Passerita prasina — MERTENS 1930
Dryophis prasinus chinensis MELL 1930
Ahaetulla prasina — STEJNEGER 1933
Passerita prasina — SMITH 1930
Dryophis prasinus chinensis — BOURRET 1934: 138
Dryophis prasinus — SMITH 1943: 375
Dryophis prasinus — HENDRICKSON 1966: 67
Ahaetulla prasina — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 311
Ahaetulla prasina — COX et al. 1998: 69
Ahaetulla prasina — GAULKE 1999
Ahaetulla prasinus — SHARMA 2004
Ahaetula [sic] prasina — WONING 2004
Ahaetulla cf. prasina prasina — KOCH 2012
Ahaetulla prasina — COX et al. 2012: 96
Ahaetulla prasina — WALLACH et al. 2014: 20
Ahaetulla prasina — WANG et al. 2022
Ahaetulla flavescens — MALSAWMDAWNGLIANA et al. 2022

Ahaetulla prasina preocularis (TAYLOR 1922)
Dryophis preocularis TAYLOR 1922: 222
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — MCLEOD et al. 2011
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — DEVAN-SONG & BROWN 2012
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — BROWN et al. 2012
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — BROWN et al. 2013
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — SUPSUP et al. 2016
Ahaetulla prasina preoccularis [sic] — SANGUILA et al. 2016
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — SUPSUP et al. 2017
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — GOJO-CRUZ et al. 2018
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — PITOGO et al. 2021
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis — MENESES et al. 2022

Ahaetulla prasina medioxima LAZELL 2002: 37
Ahaetulla prasina medioxima — O’SHEA 2018: 131

Ahaetulla prasina suluensis GAULKE 1994
Ahaetulla prasina suluensis — O’SHEA 2018: 131 
DistributionMyanmar (= Burma), Thailand (incl. Phuket), Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam (Hoa Binh), Malaysia (incl. Pulau Tioman, Pulau Pangkor, Johor: Pulau Besar), Singapore,
China (Guizhou, Fujian, Yunnan to SE Xizang = Tibet),
Indonesia (Borneo, Celebes = Sulawesi, Anamba Archipelago, Bali, Bangka, Belitung, Butung, Java, Kalimantan, Lombok, Mentawai Archipelago, Natuna Archipelago, Nias, Riau Archipelago, Sangihe Archipelago, Sebuku, Simeulue, Sula Archipelago, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Sumbawa, Ternate, We);
Bangladesh; Bhutan; Brunei Darussalam; Hong Kong;
Philippines (including Palawan: Calamian Islands, Panay, Cebu);

medioxima: China

preocularis: Philippines (Sulu Archipelago, Panay, Luzon, Mindanao). Tye locality: Bunawan, Agusan Province, Mindanao Island; type in Carnegie Museum.

suluensis: Philippines, Sulu Archipelago

Type locality: Java  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: RMNH, Leiden Museum; Syntype: Plate XXIV in Russell 1796, vol. I; status unclear fide Esther Dondorp, pers. comm. 28 Jan 2019. (Dryophis prasina)
Syntype: BNHM 1976 [flavescens]
Holotype: MCZ 173304, male, collected between 1971 and 1984 by B. Hollinrake [medioxima]
Holotype: SMF 74845, male [suluensis]
Holotype: CM R2617 (orig. EHT 40), collected by E.H. Taylor, on 12 March 1913 [preocularis] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 7249 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy partly after STEJNEGER 1933.

Highly variable species with green, grey, yellow, and brownish color phases. Tang et al. 2023 found genetic variants explaining some of the color variation.

Distribution: not in Hong Kong fide Francis 2021. Not in India fide Mohapatra et al. 2024 (ZSI checklist) where it is replaced by other species of Ahaetulla.

Behavior: diurnal.

Venomous. Mildly venomous but usually harmless for humans.

Illustration: cover picture of The EMBO Journal (20 July 2011).

Genome: Tang et al. 2023.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Greek “prasinos” = green.

A. p. medioxima was named after Latin “medioxima, meaning "in the middle" (Richard Thomas, Harvard University, pers. comm. to Lazell) and reflects both the geographic position of this form and its characteristics.
 
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