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Amastridium sapperi (WERNER, 1903)

IUCN Red List - Amastridium sapperi - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Rusty-headed Snake
S: Zacatera Negra 
SynonymMimometopon sapperi WERNER 1903: 349
Amastridium sapperi — DUNN 1924
Amastridium sapperi — SMITH 1944
Amastridium sapperi — MARTIN 1958
Amastridium sapperi — STUART 1963 (fide VILLA et al. 1988)
Amastridium sapperi — SMITH 1971
Amastridium sapperi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 24 
DistributionN Honduras, C Guatemala, S Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Veracruz, Tamaulipas), Belize (IUCN)

Type locality: “Guatemala”  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZSM (destroyed 24-25 April 1944 during World War II). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The species (northern populations formerly considered as A. veliferum) are characterized by having a separate loreal and much higher segmental counts (ventrals 146 to 158 in males, 144 to 170 in females; subcaudals 84 to 86 in males, 79 to 85 in females; ventrals plus subcaudals 229 to 250). These differences and the substantial range gap (650 km) between the nearest records of A. veliferum in extreme southeastern Nicaragua and putative A. sapperi from western Honduras lead Savage 2002 to accept Smith's interpretation of A. sapperi being a valid species.


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CommentSynonymy: PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 listed this species as a synonym of Amastridium veliferum. Smith (1971) maintained that the northern populations constitute a separate species, Amastridium sapperi Werner, 1903 (see diagnosis). 
EtymologyNamed after “Professor Sapper” who collected the specimens in Guatemala 
References
  • Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L 2021. Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153 - get paper here
  • Blair, W. E. 1978. Additional specimens of Amastridium veliferum Cope (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Chiapas, México. Southwestern Naturalist 23: 692. - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1898. Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt/M. 2.Teil (Schlangen). [type catalogue] Frankfurt/M (Gebr. Knauer), i-ix + 1-160. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1905. Descriptions of new snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 15 (89): 453-456 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1861. Descriptions of reptiles from tropical America and Asia. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1860: 368-374 - get paper here
  • Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Pineda-López R, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Rocha A, Fucsko LA, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Querétaro, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(1) [General Section]: 148–192 (e308) - get paper here
  • Dunn, E. R. 1924. Amastridium - a neglected genus of snakes. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 65 (11): 1-3. - get paper here
  • Dunn, E. R. 1931. Some Central American snake genera. Copeia 1931 (4): 163 - get paper here
  • Hansen, Robert W. and Daniel W. Vermilya. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Amastridium sapperi. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 571 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
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  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
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  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
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  • Muñoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio; Jorge Nieblas-Camacho,<br>Marina Alba Chau-Cortez, Alondra Berenice González-Navarro, Jaime López-Pérez & Juan Pérez-López 2017. Diversidad de anfibios y reptiles en la Reservade la Biosfera Selva El Ocote: su vulnerabilidad ante la fragmentación y el cambio climático. In: Lorena Ruiz-Montoya et al. (eds), Vulnerabilidad social y biológica ante el cambio climático en la Re El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, pp.395-448 - get paper here
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  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Platt, Steven G., Thomas R. Rainwater, Jan C. Meerman and Stanlee M. Miller. 2016. Nature Notes. Notes on the diet, foraging behavior, and venom of some snakes in Belize. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 162–170 - get paper here
  • Rueda-Almonacid J V & Rueda-Martínez, J.N. 2004. Primer registro de una serpiente del género Amastridium Cope, (Serpentes: Colubridae), para Sudamérica. Revista de la Academia Colombiana Ciencias 28 (107): 291-293 - get paper here
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  • Smith, Hobart M. 1944. Snakes of the Hoogstraal Expeditions to northern Mexico. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 29 (8): 135-152 - get paper here
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  • Tepos-Ramírez M, Garduño-Fonseca FS, Peralta-Robles CA, García-Rubio OR, Cervantes Jiménez R 2023. Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species. Check List 19(2): 269-292 - get paper here
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  • Torres-Hernández, LA, Ramírez-Bautista A, Cruz-Elizalde R, Hernández-Salinas U, Berriozabal-Islas C, DeSantis DL, Johnson JD, Rocha A, García-Padilla E, Mata-Silva V, Fucsko LA, and Wilson LD. 2021. The herpetofauna of Veracruz, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 72–155 - get paper here
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  • Werner, FRANZ 1903. Ueber Reptilien und Batrachier aus Guatemala und China in der zoologischen Staats-Sammlung in München nebst einem Anhang über seltene Formen aus anderen Gegenden. Abhandl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wissensch., Munich, (ser. 2) 22 (2): 343-384 - get paper here
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  • Wilson, L. D., & MEYER, J. R. 1969. A review of the colubrid snake genus Amastridium. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 68: 145-159. - get paper here
  • Wilson, L. D., & ROBINSON, D. C. 1971. Additional specimens of the colubrid snake Amastridium veliferum (Colubridae) from Costa Rica, with comments on a pseudohermaphrodite. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 70: 53-54. - get paper here
  • Woolrich-Piña, G. A., E. García-Padilla, D. L. DeSantis, J. D. Johnson, V. Mata-Silva, and L. D. Wilson 2017. The herpetofauna of Puebla, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 791–884 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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