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Amphisbaena munoai KLAPPENBACH, 1960

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Higher TaxaAmphisbaenidae, Amphisbaenia, Lacertoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Munoa Worm Lizard
Portuguese: Anfisbena-Pequena, Cobra-Cega-Branca, Cobra-Cega-Pequena, Cobra-Cega-Uruguaia-Pequena 
SynonymAmphisbaena munoai KLAPPENBACH 1960
Amphisbaena munoai — GANS 1966: 243
Amphisbaena munoai — HOOGMOED & AVILA-PIRES 1991
Amphisbaena munoai — GANS 2005: 17
Amphisbaena munoai — PEREZ & BORGES-MARTINS 2019 
DistributionS and E Uruguay, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

Type locality: Uruguay: Maldonado: Cerro de Animas (34°42’S, 55°19’W).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHNC 587. Paratypes: MNHNC 173A–173D, 181A–181F, 583A–583E, 586, 588–591, 718A, 718B, 862–862C, 863, 865A–865C (Cerro de Animas); MNHNC 178A, 178B, 182 (Cerro San Antonio, Piriapolis, Maldonado); MNHNC 714 (Carpinterma, Rivera); MNHNC 716 (Aguas Blancas, Lavalleja); MNHN 861A, 86lB (Zapican, Lavalleja); MNHNC 864 (Sierras de Acegua, Cerro Largo); ZVC (= DZVU) 37–1 (Cerro de Arequita, Lavalleja); ZVC (= DZVU) 38, 142 (Cerro, Montevideo), MACN, USNM 145301, and others (see Perez & Borges-Martins 2019: 135). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Amphisbaena munoai distinguishes from other species of Amphisbaena by the following combination of characters: (1) rounded head; (2) smooth segments on the tip of the tail; (3) four precloacal pores; (4) 202-218 body annuli; (5) row of postmalar shields present; (6) 18-25 caudal annuli; (7) caudal autotomy visible between 5 and 9 tail annuli; (8) 10-14 segments on the midbody annulus (from Perez & Borges-Martins 2019: 135). 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Juan Ignacio Muñoa (1925-1960), zoologist and anthropologist in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural y Antropologia, Montevideo, Uruguay. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bernardo-Silva, Jorge S.; Eduardo M. Von-Mühlen, Marcos Di-Bernardo & Jochen Ketterl 2006. Feeding ecology in the small neotropical amphisbaenid Amphisbaena munoai (Amphisbaenidae) in southern Brazil. Iheringia, Sér. Zool., Porto Alegre, 96(4):487-489 - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 1966. Studies on amphisbaenids (Amphisbaenia, Reptilia). 3. The small species from southern South America commonly identified as Amphisbaena darwini. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 134: 185-260. - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 2005. CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AMPHISBAENIA OF THE WORLD. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 289: 1-130 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hoogmoed M.S.; de Avila-Pires T C S 1991. A new species of small Amphisbaena (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae) from western Amazonian Brazil. BOLETIM DO MUSEU PARAENSE EMILIO GOELDI SERIE ZOOLOGIA 7 (1): 77-94
  • Klappenbach, MIGUEL A. 1960. Notas herpetologicas, I. Amphisbaena munoai n. sp. (Amphisbaenidae). Comun. zool. Mus. Montevideo 4 (84): 3
  • Moura, M.R., Costa, H.C., Abegg, A.D., Alaminos, E., Angarita-Sierra, T., Azevedo, W.S., Cabral, H., Carvalho, P., Cechin, S., Citeli, N., Dourado, A.C.M., Duarte, A.F.V., França, F.G.R., Freire, E.M.X., Garcia, P.C.A., Mol, R., Montero, R., Moraes-d 2022. Unwrapping broken tails: Biological and environmental correlates of predation pressure in limbless reptiles. Journal of Animal Ecology. 92(2):324–337 - get paper here
  • Perez, R. & Borges-Martins, M. 2019. Integrative taxonomy of small worm lizards from Southern South America, with description of three new species (Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae). Zool. Anz. 283: 124–141 - get paper here
  • PEREZ, RENATA & DIEGO J. ALVARES 2020. First record of piebaldism in the Munoa worm lizard (Amphisbaena munoai). Herpetological Bulletin 154: - get paper here
  • PEREZ, RENATA; SÍRIA RIBEIRO & MÁRCIO BORGES-MARTINS 2012. Reappraisal of the taxonomic status of Amphisbaena prunicolor (Cope 1885) and Amphisbaena albocingulata Boettger 1885 (Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae). Zootaxa 3550: 1–25 - get paper here
  • Prigioni, C.; C. Borteiro; F. Kolenc. 2011. Amphibia and Reptilia, Quebrada de los Cuervos, Departamento de Treinta y Tres, Uruguay. Check List 7 (6): 763-767 - get paper here
  • Rosenberg, Herbert I. 1967. Hemipenial morphology of some Amphisbaenids (Amphisbaenia: Reptilia). Copeia 1967 (2): 349-361 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini, P.E. 2002. AN AID TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF AMPHISBAENA (SQUAMATA, AMPHISBAENIDAE). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 42(15):351-362 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini,P.E. 1991. Two new small species of Amphisbaena from the fossil dune field of the middle Rio São Francisco, State of Bahia, Brasil (Reptilia, Amphisbaenia). Pap. Avul. Univ. Sao Paulo. 37 (17): 259-276
  • Varela, Esperanza Amalia 1999. Tipos de la colección herpetológica del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [type catalog] Iheringia, Sér. Zool., Porto Alegre (87): 57-74
 
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