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Anguis veronensis POLLINI, 1818

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Higher TaxaAnguidae (Anguinae), Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Italian Slow Worm
G: Italienische Blindschleiche
Italian: orbettino italiano 
SynonymAnguis veronensis POLLINI 1818
Anguis cinereus RISSO 1826
Anguis bicolor RISSO 1826
Anguis cinerea — GVOŽDIK et al. 2013
Anguis veronensis — GVOŽDIK et al. 2013
Anguis veronensis — SPEYBROECK et al. 2020 
DistributionItaly, SE France

Type locality: ‘‘Caldiero e la Ruota” (fide GVOŽDIK et al. 2013)

Type locality: “Nizza” [= Nice], France, restricted by Mertens and Wermuth (1960) [cinereus]  
Reproductionovovivparous. 
Types 
Diagnosis 
CommentTaxonomy: GVOŽDÍK et al. 2013 resurrected A. cinerea in a paper published online. After discovering that there is an older available name, they corrected the online paper to A. veronensis. However, while these clades are clearly different genetically, they are not diagnosable morphologically. Gvoždík et al. (2013) suggested to distinguish 5 genetic species of Anguis: graeca, colchica, fragilis, cinerea, and cephallonica. A detailed morphological analysis of the entire genus is under preparation (Benkovsky et al., in preparation).

Distribution: see map in Gvoždík et al. (2013) and Jablonski et al. 2016: 3 (Fig. 1), Jablonski et al. 2021: Fig. 1. 
Etymologyfrom Latin “cinereus” = “ash-grey”. Note, that the color is not typical for this form as other species such as A. fragilis can be colored very similarly. 
References
  • Andrea Villa, Massimo Delfino 2019. A comparative atlas of the skull osteology of European lizards (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (3): 829–928 - get paper here
  • Dufresnes, Christophe; Patricia Sourrouille , Anthony Olivier , Jean-Marie Ballouard , Marie-France Leccia , Rémi Tiné , Marc Cheylan , Maxime Le Henanff , Jean Nicolas , Sébastien Caron , Grégoire Massez , Alexandre Cluchier , Romain Levasseur , Fab 2023. Exploring the speciation continuum of slow worms: location and extent of the Anguis fragilis/veronensis hybrid zone in southeastern France. Amphibia-Reptilia 44 (1): 107–119 - get paper here
  • Guarino, Fabio M., Marcello Mezzasalma and Gaetano Odierna 2016. Usefulness of postpygal caudal vertebrae and osteoderms for skeletochronology in the limbless lizard Anguis veronensis POLLINI, 1818 (Squamata: Sauria: Anguidae). Herpetozoa 29 (1/2): 69-75 - get paper here
  • GVOŽDÍK, VÁCLAV; ZDENĚK HARCA, ALEXANDRA HÁNOVÁ, DANIEL JABLONSKI, MIHAILS PUPINS, ANDRIS ČEIRĀNS & TIMO PAASIKUNNAS. 2021. Two species of slow worm (Anguis fragilis, A. colchica) present in the Baltic region. Amphibia-Reptilia 42(3): 383-389. - get paper here
  • Gvoždík, Václav; Norbert Benkovský, Angelica Crottini, Adriana Bellati, Jirí Moravec, Antonio Romano, Roberto Sacchi, David Jandzik 2013. An ancient lineage of slow worms, genus Anguis (Squamata: Anguidae), survived in the Italian Peninsula. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 69 (3): 1077–1092; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.004 - get paper here
  • Jablonski, D., Sillero, N., Oskyrko, O., Bellati, A., Čeirāns, A., Cheylan, M., Cogălniceanu, D., Crnobrnja-Isailović, J., Crochet, P., Crottini, A., Doronin, I., Džukić, G., Geniez, P., Ilgaz, Ç., Iosif, R., Jandzik, D., Jelić, D., Litvinchuk, S., L 2021. The distribution and biogeography of slow worms (Anguis, Squamata) across the Western Palearctic, with an emphasis on secondary contact zones. Amphibia-Reptilia 42 (4): 519–530 - get paper here
  • Jablonski, Daniel; David Jandzik; Peter Mikulíček, Georg Džukić, Katarina Ljubisavljević, Nikolay Tzankov, Dušan Jelić, Evanthia Thanou, Jiří Moravec and Václav Gvoždík 2016. Contrasting evolutionary histories of the legless lizards slow worms (Anguis) shaped by the topography of the Balkan Peninsula. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16:99; DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0669-1 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel 2014. Die Italienische Blindschleiche ist eine eigene Art. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (1): 51 (2013) - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Reptilien in Europa – eine aktuelle Übersicht. Draco 15 (60): 6-25 - get paper here
  • Mikulíček, P., D. Jablonski, M. Páleník, V. Gvoždík & D. Jandzik 2018. Characterization of microsatellite markers in the genera Anguis and Pseudopus (Reptilia: Anguidae). Salamandra 54 (2): 158-162 - get paper here
  • Pollini, C. 1818. Lettera del sig. dott. Ciro Pollini al Direttore della Biblioteca Italiana intorno ad alcune malattie degli ulivi e ad alcuni serpenti del Veronese, per servire di appendice alla sua Memoria su lo stesso argomento inserita nel T. VIII, p. 63 di quest Bibl. Ital. giorn. lett., sci. art. 9: 236–240. - get paper here
  • Renet, Julien; Daniela Lucente, Michel Delaugerre, Olivier Gerriet, Grégory Deso, Chiara Abbattista, Roberta Cimmaruta 2018. Discovery of an Italian slow worm (Anguis veronensis Pollini, 1818) population on a Western Mediterranean Island confirmed by genetic analysis Acta Herpetologica 13 (2): 165-169 - get paper here
  • Risso, A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l’Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Vol. 3. F.-G. Levrault, Paris - get paper here
  • Romano, A., Sansone, L., Cacace, A., & Biancolini, D. 2023. Diversity, distribution, habitat preferences and community assemblages of Amphibians and Reptiles in the “Cilento, Vallo di Diano e Alburni” National Park (Campania, Southern Italy). Acta Herpetologica, 18(2), 115-129
  • SINDACO, ROBERTO & EDOARDO RAZZETTI. 2021. An updated check-list of Italian amphibians and reptiles. Natural History Sciences 8(2): 35–46. - get paper here
  • Speybroeck, Jeroen; Wouter Beukema, Christophe Dufresnes, Uwe Fritz, Daniel Jablonski, Petros Lymberakis, Iñigo Martínez-Solano, Edoardo Razzetti, Melita Vamberger, Miguel Vences, Judit Vörös0, Pierre-André Crochet 2020. Species list of the European herpetofauna – 2020 update by the Taxonomic Committee of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica.. Amphibia-Reptilia 41: 139-189 - get paper here
 
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