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Anolis kunayalae HULEBAK, POE, IBÁÑEZ & WILLIAMS, 2007

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAnolis kunayalae HULEBAK, POE, IBÁÑEZ & WILLIAMS 2007
Dactyloa kunayalae — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Dactyloa kunayalae — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionW Panama (Coclé), elevation 320–1050 m

Type locality: along the trails of Parque Nacional General de División Omar Torrijos Herrera, 5 km north of El Copé, Coclé Province, Panama (08°40.315’N, 80°35.518’W)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MSB 72605, Museum of Southwestern Biology 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A large species (maximum SVL 109 mm) of the genus Dactyloa (sensu Nicholson et al. 2012) that is most similar in external morphology to the other members of this clade found in western Panama (D. casildae, D. frenata, D. ginaelisae, D. ibanezi, D. insignis, and D. microtus). Dactyloa kunayalae can readily be distinguished from these six species by its coloration (described below, shown in Figs. 2 and 15), and by the morphology of its toes: In contrast to the other species, D. kunayalae has narrow lamellar pads that are barely dilated under all toes and fingers, a distal phalanx (including claw) of the fourth toe that is longer than phalanges ii and iii combined, and the lowest number of subdigital lamellae under the fourth toe (35 or fewer in D. kunayalae vs. 38 or more). Moreover, it has fewer subdigital lamellae under the fourth finger than the other species except D. ibanezi (25 or fewer in D. kunayalae vs. 29 or more). In addition, D. kunayalae differs from D. casildae, D. frenata, and D. ibanezi in having short legs (tip of fourth toe of adpressed hind limb reaching to tympanum in D. kunayalae) [LOTZKAT et al. 2013]. 
CommentSimilar species: This form is most similar to South American Anolis mirus and A. parilis but differs in color pattern and scalation.

Species group: Dactyloa latifrons species group (NICHOLSON et al. 2012). 
EtymologyNamed after the native Kuna Yala people of Panama and refers to the locality of one of the paratype specimens. 
References
  • BATISTA, ABEL; MILAN VESELY, KONRAD MEBERT, SEBASTIAN LOTZKAT & GUNTHER KÖHLER 2015. A new species of Dactyloa from eastern Panama, with comments on other Dactyloa species present in the region. Zootaxa 4039 (1): 057–084 - get paper here
  • Hulebak, E.; Poe, S.; Ibáñez, R. & Williams, E.E. 2007. A striking new species of Anolis lizard (Squamata, Iguania) from Panama. Phyllomedusa 6 (1): 5-10 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • LOTZKAT, SEBASTIAN; ANDREAS HERTZ, JOE-FELIX BIENENTREU & GUNTHER KÖHLER 2013. Distribution and variation of the giant alpha anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) of the genus Dactyloa in the highlands of western Panama, with the description of a new species formerly referred to as D. microtus. Zootaxa 3626 (1): 1–54 - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Wilson LD. 2019. The endemic herpetofauna of Central America: a casualty of anthropocentrism. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1) [General Section]: 1–64 (e168) - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
 
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