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Aspidoscelis arizonae (VAN DENBURGH, 1896)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesAspidoscelis arizonae arizonae (VAN DENBURGH 1896)
Aspidoscelis arizonae gypsi (WRIGHT & LOWE 1993)
Aspidoscelis arizonae heptagrammus (AXTELL 1961)
Aspidoscelis arizonae pai (WRIGHT & LOWE 1993) 
Common NamesE: Arizona Striped Whiptail
E: Little White Whiptail [gypsi]
E: Trans-Pecos Striped Whiptail [heptagrammus]
E: Pai Striped Whiptail [pai] 
SynonymCnemidophorus arizonae VAN DENBURGH 1896: 344
Cnemidophorus arizonae — VAN DENBURGH 1913
Cnemidophorus inornatus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 184
Cnemidophorus inornatus arizonae — WRIGHT & LOWE 1965
Cnemidophorus inornatus arizonae — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Cnemidophorus inornatus arizonae — WRIGHT & LOWE 1993: 137
Cnemidophorus arizonae — CROTHER 2000
Aspidoscelis inornata arizonae — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis arizonae — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis inornata arizonae — COLE et al. 2010
Aspidoscelis arizonae — JONES & LOVICH 2009
Aspidoscelis arizonae — LEMOS-ESPINAL 2015
Aspidoscelis inornata arizonae — CROTHER et al. 2017
Aspidoscelis arizonae — BARLEY et al. 2021
Aspidoscelis arizonae — BEZY 2021
Aspidoscelis arizonae arizonae — NICHOLSON et al. 2025

Aspidoscelis arizonae gypsi (WRIGHT & LOWE 1993)
Cnemidophorus inornatus gypsi WRIGHT & LOWE 1993: 140
Cnemidophorus gypsi — CROTHER 2000
Aspidoscelis inornata gypsi — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis gypsi — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis inornata gypsi — CROTHER et al. 2012
Aspidoscelis gypsi — JONES & LOVICH 2009
Aspidoscelis gypsi — LEMOS-ESPINAL 2015
Aspidoscelis arizonae gypsi — BARLEY et al. 2021
Aspidoscelis arizonae gypsi — NICHOLSON et al. 2025

Aspidoscelis arizonae heptagrammus (AXTELL 1961)
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus AXTELL 1961: 151
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus — TANNER 1987
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 123
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus — CROTHER 2000
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptogrammus — DIXON 2000
Aspidoscelis inornata heptagramma — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis inornata heptagramma — LINER & CASAS-ANDREU 2008
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus — AKERET 2010
Aspidoscelis inornata heptagramma — CROTHER et al. 2012
Aspidoscelis arizonae heptagrammus — BARLEY et al. 2021
Aspidoscelis inornatus heptagrammus — LIEB 2023
Aspidoscelis arizonae heptagrammus — NICHOLSON et al. 2025

Aspidoscelis arizonae pai (WRIGHT & LOWE 1993)
Cnemidophorus inornatus pai WRIGHT & LOWE 1993: 149
Cnemidophorus pai — CROTHER 2000
Aspidoscelis inornata pai — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis pai — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis pai — SULLIVAN in JONES & LOVICH 2009
Aspidoscelis arizonae pai — BARLEY et al. 2021 
DistributionUSA (SE Arizona)

Type locality: Fairbank, Cochise County, Arizona (fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950)

gypsi: USA (New Mexico)

heptagrammus: USA (W Texas, New Mexico); Mexico (Coahuila); Type locality: “30° 11’ 30" N, 103° 09' W, 5 mi ESE Marathon, Brewster County, Texas. Elevation 4,150 feet."

pai: USA (Arizona); Type locality: Hermit Basin in Grand Canyon, 4800 ft elevation, Coconino County, Arizona  
ReproductionOviparous. Lutes et al. (2011) report the generation of four self-sustaining clonal lineages of a tetraploid species resulting from fertilization of triploid oocytes from a parthenogenetic Aspidoscelis exsanguis with haploid sperm from Aspidoscelis inornata.<br /><br />Hybridization: Aspidoscelis inornata arizonae and A. tigris marmorata hybridized in captivity (COLE et al. 2010). A cross between Aspidoscelis exsanguis (triploid parthenogen) × Aspidoscelis inornata (diploid bisexual or gonochoristic species) resulted in a “new” species, A. neavesi. Similarly, A. priscillae is a tetraploid all-female species originated in the laboratory from hybridization between Aspidoscelis uniparens (triploid parthenogen) and Aspidoscelis inornatus (diploid bisexual species).<br /><br />Aspidoscelis neavesi COLE et al 2014 is the first known tetraploid amniote that reproduces through parthenogenetic cloning by individual females. Aspidoscelis neavesi originated through hybridization between Aspidoscelis exsanguis (triploid parthenogen) × Aspidoscelis inornata (diploid bisexual or gonochoristic species) in the laboratory. Cole et al. 2014 speculate that field-caught tetraploids may be found in the future. Similarly, Aspidoscelis priscillae COLE et al. 2017 is a tetraploid all-female species originated in the laboratory from hybridization between Aspidoscelis uniparens (triploid parthenogen) and Aspidoscelis inornatus (diploid bisexual species). Given that these “species” have not been found in nature, we do not list them as regular species for the time being. 
TypesHolotype: CAS 2631 (originally CAS-SUR 2631 = Stanford Univ. 2631, fide SMITH & TAYLOR 1950)
Holotype: UAZ (University of Arizona, Departmentof Zoology) No. 16187 [gypsi]
Holotype: private collection, RWA 1758, adult male [heptagrammus]
Holotype: UAZ 5510 (University of Arizona, Zoology) [pai] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1709 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Collins (1997), presented the conclusions of Wright & Lowe (1993) and Walker et al. (1997) to lizard systematist group, composed of Robert Bezy, Charles J. Cole, Darrel Arnold Kluge, Jimmy McGuire, Richard Montanucci, Robert Powell, and John Wiens, and the majority of those individuals responding recommended juniperus and llanuras not be recognized, and that arizonae, gypsi, and pai all be considered distinct species. Sullivan et al. (2013) found that A. arizonae as indistinguishable from A. i. llanuras and concluded that either A. arizonae is a cryptic species or a peripheral isolate unworthy of species status.

Key: Wright & Lowe 1993: 154 provide a key to the subspecies of inornatus (or what was considered subspecies at the time), namely inornatus, arizonae, chihuahuae, cienegae, gypsi, heptagrammus, juniperus, llanuras, paululus, and what they call the octolineate type (but listed as inornatus).

Wright & Lowe (1993) described five new U. S. races, arizonae, gypsi, and pai (all allopatric), and juniperus and llanurus (both parapatric). Robert Bezy, Charles J. Cole, Darrel Arnold Kluge, Jimmy McGuire, Richard Montanucci, Robert Powell, and John Wiens recommended that arizonae, gypsi, and pai all be considered distinct species. Collins (1997) followed those recommendations. [from: http://eagle.cc.ukans.edu/~cnaar/lacertilia.html]

RDB speciesID: 11226 [pai] 
EtymologyA. a. arizonae was named after its type locality.

A. a. gypsi: named after new Latin gypsum = "sands", for its type locality in the White Sands area of New Mexico.

A. a. heptagrammus: from Greek hepta = seven, and Greek gramma = script, or graphic, referring to the seven light dorsal stripes.

A. a. pai: Apparently named after the Pai Native Americans and their language. 
References
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