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Aspidoscelis sexlineatus (LINNAEUS, 1766)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesAspidoscelis sexlineatus sexlineatus (LINNAEUS 1766)
Aspidoscelis sexlineatus stephensae (TRAUTH 1992)
Aspidoscelis sexlineatus viridis (LOWE 1966) 
Common NamesE: Six-lined Racerunner
sexlineata: Eastern Six-lined Racerunner
stephensae: Texas Yellow-headed Racerunner
viridis: Prairie Racerunner
S: Huico de Seis Lineas 
SynonymLacerta sexlineata LINNAEUS 1766: 364
Lacerta sexlineata — MEYER 1795: 29
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 131
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — GADOW 1906: 302
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 185
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — GÜNTHER 1885: 25
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus oligoporus HOFFMAN 1957: 153
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus pauciporus HOFFMAN 1957: 423 (nom. nov.)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — STEBBINS 1985: 156
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus sexlineatus — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 119
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus — LINER 1994
Aspidoscelis sexlineata — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis sexlineata — POTTS & COLLINS 2005
Aspidoscelis sexlineata — CROTHER et al. 2012
Aspidoscelis sexlineata — LEMOS-ESPINAL 2015
Aspidocelis sexlineata — TEVS et al. 2023 (in error)

Aspidoscelis sexlineatus stephensae (TRAUTH 1992)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus stephensi [sic] TRAUTH 1992
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus stephensae — TRAUTH 1995
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus stephensae — CROTHER 2000
Aspidoscelis sexlineata stephensae — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis sexlineata stephensae — CROTHER et al. 2012

Aspidoscelis sexlineatus viridis (LOWE 1966)
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus viridis LOWE 1966
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus viridis — MASLIN & SECOY 1986
Aspidoscelis sexlineata viridis — REEDER et al. 2002
Aspidoscelis sexlineata viridis — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Aspidoscelis sexlineata viridis — CROTHER et al. 2012 
DistributionUSA (Texas, E New Mexico, Arizona, E Colorado, SE Wyoming, S South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, W Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Illinois, E Iowa, SW Wisconsin, Michigan, SE Minnesota)
Mexico (Tamaulipas [HR 30: 109]).

sexlineatus: texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana; Type locality: “Carolina”. Restricted to Charleston, South Carolina, by SMITH & TAYLOR 1950.

stephensae: S Texas; Type locality: 4.8 km S Hebbronville, jim Hogg Co., Texas.

viridis: N Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma  
ReproductionOviparous. WALKER et al. (2012) reported tetraploid hybrids of A. neotesselata x A. sexlineata viridis. 
TypesSyntype: MCZ R-46945 etc.
Holotype: USNM 135232 [pauciporus]
Holotype: USNM 278270 [stephensae]
Holotype: UAZ 14800 (formerly UCLA 4661); female; C. H. Lowe, Jr.; 13 Aug. 1949 [viridis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): We know of no single unique diagnostic character of Aspidoscelis. However, Aspidoscelis and Holcosus are the only teiids with postanal plates in males. As in Holcosus, most Aspidoscelis have a wide scale (2–3X as wide as long) at the heel flanked postaxially by another wide scale (1.5–2X as wide as long). Unlike Holcosus (characters in parentheses), Aspidoscelis has homogeneous subdigital lamellae of the hand (subarticular lamellae enlarged; note, however, basal lamellae enlarged in some Aspidoscelis) and the nostril positioned in front of the nasal suture (nasal suture passing through nostril). Aspidoscelis lacks a serrated row of supracaudals (present). The tongue of Aspidoscelis is not retractile into a lingual sheath, whereas a lingual sheath is present in all species of Holcosus. 
CommentType species: Lacerta sexlineata LINNAEUS 1766 is the type species of the genus Aspidoscelis FITZINGER 1843.

Distribution: This is the only native teiid to Florida (all others have been introduced). For maps of Mexican species of Cnemidophorus see Vance 1980.

Groups: Reeder et al. 2002 divided Aspidoscelis into 5 species groups: the A. cozumela, A. deppii, A. tesselatus, A. tigris and A. sexlineatus groups.

Head scalation: see Esquivel-Ramírez et al. 2021 for a nice drawing of head scalation features in Aspidoscelis.

Key: Vance 1980 provides a key to 32 species and 56 subspecies of Cnemidophorus (now Aspidoscelis) of Mexico. 
EtymologyNamed after the six lines on the dorsal side of this species.

The genus is named after the Greek words aspis, meaning "shield" and skelis, meaning "leg." In this case, the genus name is a Latinized compound adjective, but treated as singular nouns in the nominative because it is a genus. As such, the ending –scelis denotes either masculine or feminine gender (Steyskal, 1971). According to ICZN (1999) Article 30.1.4.2. ‘‘a genus-group name that is or ends in a word of common or variable gender (masculine or feminine) is to be treated as masculine unless its author, when establishing the name, stated that it is feminine or treated it as feminine in combination with an adjectival species-group name.” Hence, the genus Aspidoscelis is masculine (after Tucker et al. 2016).

A. s. stephensae was named after Hazel J. Stephens Hickey for her financial support of the author. 
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