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Atractus ventrimaculatus BOULENGER, 1905

IUCN Red List - Atractus ventrimaculatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Speckled Ground Snake 
SynonymAtractus ventrimaculatus BOULENGER 1905: 455
Atractus ventrimaculatus — LANCINI & KORNACKER 1989
Atractus ventrimaculatus — KORNACKER 1999: 67
Atractus ventrimaculatus — ESQUEDA & LA MARCA 2005
Atractus ochrosetrus ESQUEDA & LA MARCA 2005
Atractus ochrosetrus — PASSOS et al. 2009
Atractus ochrosetrus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 78
Atractus ventrimaculatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 83
Atractus ventrimaculatus — MENESES-PELAYO & PASSOS 2019
Atractus ochrosetrus — MENESES-PELAYO & PASSOS 2019
Atractus ventrimaculatus — PASSOS et al. 2024: 37
Atractus ochrosetrus — ESQUEDA et al. 2025 
DistributionVenezuela (Merida, Fuqueros, Zulia), Colombia

Type locality: Fuqueros, Estado de Mérida, Venezuela.

ochrosetrus: Venezuela (Mérida); Type locality: Venezuela, Estado Mérida, Municipio Tovar: en la vía Bailadores a “La Y”, El Delgadito, aprox. 2600 m [elevation], 08° 13’ 06’’ N, 71° 52’ 26’’ W.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype. Adult male, BMNH 1946.1.7.7 (formerly BMNH 1905.5.31.74; Wallach et al., 2014), designated by Roze (1961:108), fide Passos et al. 2024. Holotype also given as BMNH 1946.1.5.15, but a paralectotype fide Passos et al. 2024.
Holotype: ULABG 4698 [ochrosetrus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Esqueda & LA MARCA 2005: 24 (pdf password-protected, hence no text available).


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CommentEtymology (ochrosetrus): named after its yellow belly (Greek “ochros” = yellow, “etron” = belly). 
Etymologynamed after its spots or marks (Latin “macula”) on its belly (Latin “venter”) 
References
  • Bernal, R. 2025. Serpientes de Colombia-Guía de Campo. Serie de Guías Tropicales de Campo. 19: 396 pp. Conservación Internacional Colombia, Bogotá - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1905. Descriptions of new snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 15 (89): 453-456 - get paper here
  • Esqueda, L.F. & E. La Marca 2005. Revisión taxonómica y biogeográfica (con descripción de cinco nuevas especies) de serpientes del género Atractus (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) en los Andes de Venezuela. Herpetotropicos 2 (1): 1-32 - get paper here
  • Esqueda, L.F., E. La Marca & S. Bazó. 2007. Un nuevo colúbrido semifosorial del género Atractus (Dipsadinae) de la vertiente lacustre de los Andes de Venezuela. Herpetotropicos 2 (2): 87-93 [2005] - get paper here
  • Esqueda, L.F., Rojas-Runjaic, F.J., Prudente, A.; Santos Bazó, Luis Fernando Navarrete, Edward Carmargo-Sillet, Juan Carlos Ortiz, Claudio Correa, Pablo Guerrero & Félix Urra 2025. A first phylogenetic and taxonomic approach to sleepyhead snakes from Venezuela (Dipsadidae: Atractus), with the description of two new Andean species. Org Divers Evol. - get paper here
  • Kornacker,P.M. 1999. Checklist and key to the snakes of Venezuela. PaKo-Verlag, Rheinbach, Germany, 270 pp.
  • Lancini,A.R. & Kornacker,P.M. 1989. Die Schlangen von Venezuela. Armitano Editores C.A., Caracas, 1-381
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Passos, P., Meneses-Pelayo, E., Ramos, L. O., Martins, A. R., Machado, A., Lopes, R. T., ... & Lynch, J. D. 2024. Taxonomy without borders: Revision of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from the Andes between Colombia and Venezuela. South American Journal of Herpetology, 32(sp1), 1-123 - get paper here
  • Passos, Paulo; Altagratia Chiesse, Omar Torres-Carvajal, and Jay M. Savage 2009. TESTING SPECIES BOUNDARIES WITHIN THE ATRACTUS OCCIPITOALBUS COMPLEX (SERPENTES: DIPSADIDAE). Herpetologica 65 (4): 384-403 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J.M.; Rivero, Edwin E. Infante; Barrio-Amorós, César L.; Blanco, Tito R. Barros. 2007. New distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from Estado Zulia in the Maracaibo Basin, Venezuela. Herpetological Review 38 (2): 235-237 - get paper here
  • Roze, Jánis A. 1961. El genero Atractus (Serpentes: Colubridae) en Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica 3 (7): 103-119
  • Schargel, W.E. & Castoe, T.A. 2003. The hemipenes of some snakes of the semifossorial genus Atractus, with comments on variation in the genus. Journal of Herpetology 37 (4): 718-781 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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