Atractus collaris PERACCA, 1897
Can you confirm these amateur observations of Atractus collaris?
Atractus collaris
Find more photos by Google images search: 
| Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Collared Ground Snake Limitan Ground Snake [limitaneus] |
| Synonym | Atractus collaris PERACCA 1897: 4 Leptocalamus limitaneus AMARAL 1935: 219 Leptocalamus limitaneus AMARAL 1937: 1762 Atractus limitaneus — SAVAGE 1960: 81 Atractus collaris — PETERS et al. 1970: 28 Atractus collaris — CARRILLO & ICOCHEA 1995: 13 Atractus collaris — PASSOS et al. 2007 Atractus collaris — WALLACH et al. 2014: 70 Atractus limitaneus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 74 Atractus collaris — PASSOS et al. 2018 Atractus collaris — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 |
| Distribution | Ecuador (Amazonas, Napo, Orellana, Sucumbíos), NE Peru, Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá), Brazil (Amazônas, Nogueira et al., 2019) Type locality: Río Cononaco, Prov. Pastaza, Ecuador limitaneus: Colombia (Amazonas); Type locality: La Pedrera, Río Caquetá, Comisaria de Amazonas, Colombia |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: MRSN (also as MRSNT, Torino) fide Passos et al. 2018; Types not traced by ANDREONE & GAVETTI 2007. Holotype: IBSP 9196 [limitaneus] |
| Diagnosis | DIAGNOSIS: A form obviously allied to A. gaigeae of Ecuador and A. bocourti of northeastern Perú,but distinct from them in both coloration and scutellation. Distinguished from all members of the genus known from Ecuador in: (1) 17 scale rows; (2) long loreal; (3) five maxillary teeth; (4) ventrals in male holotype 163, in female 175; and (5) pattern of six longitudinal dark stripes and a paired series of dorsolateral blotches [from SAVAGE 1960]. Diagnosis. Atractus collaris is distinguished from all congeners, except for those species of the A. collaris species group by having one (usually) or two (rarely) apical pits on dorsal scales from both sexes and supracloacal tubercles in the cloacal region of mature males (Passos et al. 2013b). Additionally, the following combination of morphological characters is unique of the species and distinguishes it from any other species of Atractus: (1) dorsal scale rows 17/17/17 with apical pits in both sexes and supracloacal tubercles in males; (2) postoculars two; (3) moderately long loreal, contacting first three supralabials; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting eye; (6) seven infralabials, first three contacting chinshields; (7) five (rarely) or six maxillary teeth; (8) gular scale rows in four series; (9) preventrals usually four; (10) ventrals 167–186 in females, 145–178 in males; (11) subcaudals 18–24 in females, 22–33 in males; (12) in preservative, dorsum brown to grayish black, with cream occipital collar incomplete and small paired black spots usually cream bordered along the body, first dorsal scale rows with lighter center and brown lateral lines; (13) in preservative, venter cream except for two lines (one from each side of belly) in the lateral margins of ventral scales (paraventral region); (14) small body size, females reaching 300 mm SVL, males 218 mm; (15) moderately tail length in females (8.2–10.9.3% SVL) and males (10.9–14.5% SVL); (16) hemipenis moderately bilobed, non-capitate, and non-calyculate (fide Passos et al. 2018). Comparisons. Atractus collaris differs from all members of the A. collaris species group, except A. alphonsenhogei and A. gaigeae, in having first supralabial contacting loreal (vs. first supralabial not contacting loreal in A. caxiuana, A. hoogmoedi, A. surucucu, and A. zidoki). Atractus collaris differs from A. alphonsehogei in having descalcified alary spines and hemipenial lobes centrolineally oriented, dorsum with conspicuous spots, and yellow supralabials (vs. calcified alary spines and hemipenial lobes centrifugally oriented, dorsum uniformly dark brown or black lacking spots, and cream supralabials; from A. gaigeae in having 167–186 ventrals in females, 146–178 in males and lacking the vertebral line (vs. 200–214 ventrals in females, 184–198 in males) (fide Passos et al. 2018). |
| Comment | Synonymy: Passos et al. 2018 synonymized Atractus limitaneus with A. collaris. Distribution: see map in Passos et al. 2018: 513 (Fig. 12). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019. |
| References |
|
| External links |