Baliodryas steinbachi (BOULENGER, 1905)
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Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
Subspecies | |
Common Names | |
Synonym | Rhadinaea Steinbachi BOULENGER 1905: 454 Aporophis melanocephalus GRIFFIN 1915: 171 Liophis steinbachi — AMARAL 1929: 174 Liophis steinbachi — VANZOLINI in PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1986: 16 Erythrolamprus steinbachi — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012 Rhadinaea steinbachi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 834 Eutrachelophis steinbachi — MYERS & MCDOWELL 2014 Baliodryas steinbachi — ZAHER & PRUDENTE 2019 |
Distribution | SE Bolivia, SW Brazil (Mato Grosso) Type locality: Provincia Sara, Dep. Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia |
Reproduction | oviparous |
Types | Lectotype: BMNH 1946.1.21.62 (designated by MYERS & MCDOWELL 2014). Paralectotype: BMNH 1946.1.21.63 |
Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus). This new genus can be distinguished from other genera of the Dipsadidae by the presence of deeply divided hemipenial lobes with lobular projections that expand beyond the tip of the sulci, the latter ending on the middle of the lobes and opening at the base of a small vestigial apical disk (Zaher & Prudente 2019). Diagnosis: Baliodryas steinbachi is distinguished from all other species by the following combination of morphological characters: dorsal scales smooth, 15-15-15 scale rows; 134-140 ventrals; 66-81 subcaudals; hemipenis deepely bilobed; long lobes with a small nude area considered to be a remnant of the apical disks; intrasulcar region with small spines and two rows of larger spines; asulcate side with two large spines extend nearly to the proximal end of the hemipenis body; conspicuous pair of ocellar markings on the nape and a pair of oblique pale markings touching the upper anterior and upper posterior edges of the eye; dark head color extends onto the neck as unbroken dorsal and lateral stripes; and 24 maxillary teeth subequal in size and recurved, followed by diastema and two ungrooved fangs (Zaher & Prudente 2019). Comparison. Baliodryas steinbachi differs from Eutrachelophis papilio and Eu. bassleri by hemipenis deeply bifurcate, with long lobes (vs. hemipenis slightly bilobed with short lobes), apical disks elliptical and small (vs. apical disks expanded and fused in the middle region), dark head color with two pairs of oblique markings touching the upper anterior and upper posterior edges of the eyes (vs. preocular region and top of the head brown, without markings), and lower part of the supralabials white and underside of the head white (vs. lower part of supralabials white with a triangular wedge just behind eyes). Differs from Eu. papilio by having one pair of white ocelli not fused on the dorsum (vs. white butterfly-shaped ocellus on the nape), and from Eu. bassleri by presence of conspicuous lateral line of pale dashes or dots on scale row 6 (vs. barely discernible lateral line of white dashes or dots along scale row 4) (Zaher & Prudente 2019). |
Comment | Synonymy that of PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970. Incertae sedis fide DIXON 1980. Type species: Rhadinaea Steinbachi BOULENGER 1905: 454 is the type species of the genus Baliodryas ZAHER & PRUDENTE 2019. Abundance: only known from 14 specimens (Moraes et al.2021). |
Etymology | Named after Dr. Jose Steinbach (1856-1929), a botanical and zoological collector in Argentina and Bolivia for the Field Museum. The genus name Baliodryas is a masculine noun from the Greek βαλιóς, spotted, dappled, and δρυας, a kind of snake (Heitsch, 1963; Leigh, 2016). |
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